36 FIELD ZOOLOGY. 



hurriedly around the pan, attracting as much attention 

 and looking as ferocious as possible, and will then "turn 

 up its toes " in disgust at your lack of understanding. Its 

 period of inactivity in either place will be about two weeks, 

 during which the body shortens and becomes larger around, 

 and begins to look dried. At the end of this time, if you 

 are on hand when the wonder happens, you will see the 

 old skin crack along the back for the last time, while the 

 new body works itself loose from the old caterpillar skin. 

 This new animal is to be called a pupa. (Fig. 18.) It has 



FIG. 1 8. Pupa of tomato worm. 



a large head end and a gradually tapering abdominal por- 

 tion. The wing areas gradually become visible, with the 

 suggestion that the new wings are folded around the body 

 toward the under side. From the head end there extends 

 along the front of the pupal body an odd appendage look- 

 ing much like a jug-handle; this is the case for the long 

 sucking proboscis. One such transformation as this 

 observed by the author, began at noon and was over by 

 two o'clock. The characteristic mahogany brown of the 

 pupa case did not appear till later. 



The next spring, when the ground warms up and 

 you go at the right time to the place where your pupa 

 went under, you will see this pupa case, grown old, crack 

 at the big head end and down a little on the back, and 



