LEPIDOPTERA. I 29 



length of the sucking tube, unless it were true that the 

 taste cells are located at the entrance to the proboscis, or 

 somewhere near the entrance ; and the microscopic exami- 

 nation of the proboscis seems not to warrant this assertion. 

 In one of the representative families of the order 

 the mouth parts are as well developed as they are in the 

 beetles ; but these minute moths are exceptions among the 

 Lepidoptera. They are extremely small insects, being 

 only about one-fifth of an inch long; the front and hind 

 wings are about equal in size and curiously veined. Not 

 only is this true, but the mode of fastening the wings 

 together on each side of the body is different from the 

 other lepidopters. This latter peculiarity is shared by the 

 Swifts or Hepialidae. These latter moths are larger than 

 the ones first mentioned, the Eriocephalas, being from an 

 inch to two inches long. Their wings are also very nearly 

 equal in size and are similar to the Eriocephala wing in 

 venation. The peculiar method of fastening the front 

 and the hind wing together, 

 shared by these two sorts of 

 moths, is a small stiff hook or 

 chitin rib projecting backward 

 from the front wing and fitting 

 under the costal margin of the FlG " s^-Front wing of a jugate 



moth, showing the jugum. 



hind wing, while the rest of the 



wing fits over the costal margin of the hind wing. (Fig. 

 56.) This projection is called a jugum, meaning a yoke; 

 and hence these members of the Lepidoptera are called 

 the Jugatse. 



These moths are interesting from another point of 

 view. They are undoubtedly the most primitive living 

 lepidopters, and may be regarded as the remnants of what, 

 at an earlier geological period, must have been a much 



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