THE LIVER. 



297 



folds above mentioned. The lymphatics form a subserous and 

 submucous plexus. 



The lymphatics accompany the portal vein and hepatic artery, 

 also the branches of the hepatic vein (Wittich). They form a net- 

 work in the interlobular connective tissue. The lymphatics form 

 further a superficial network in subserous layer of the peritoneum.' 

 The superficial lymphatics and the lymphatics accompanying the 

 vessels are in communication. 



Within the lobules, the lymphatics occur as perivascular spaces, 

 as was first shown by MacGillavry. F. P. Mall, who has recently 

 studied the origin of the lymphatics in the liver, summarizes his 

 results as follows : The lymphatics of the liver arise from peri- 

 lobular lymph-spaces, and these communicate directly with peri- 

 vascular lymph-spaces ; the lymph reaches these spaces by a process 

 of filtration through openings which are normally present in the 

 capillary walls of the liver. 







ftr Interlobular con- 

 nective tissue. 



Intralobularvei,,... > ," ' *,.;{ . " * ' "t * ^~W Stellate cells. 



V* 





Fig. 238. Part of a section through liver lobule from dog, showing stellate cells; 



X i68. 



Berkley (94) has described several divisions of the intrinsic nerves 

 of the liver, all connected and morphologically alike. These nerves 

 are no doubt the neu raxes of sympathetic neurones, the cell-bodies 

 of which are located in ganglia outside of this organ. No medul- 

 lated fibers were found by him, although it seems probable that the 

 nerve-fibrils terminating between the cells of the bile-ducts (see be- 

 low) are terminal branches of sensory nerve-fibers. The nerves of 

 the liver accompany the portal vessels, the hepatic arteries, and the 

 bile-ducts. The first division of the nerves, embracing the larger 

 number of the intrinsic hepatic nerves, accompany the branches 

 of the portal vessels, form plexuses about them, and end in inter- 

 lobular and intralobular ramifications, the latter showing here and 

 there knob-like terminations on the liver-cells, and, in their course, 

 give off here and there branches which end on the portal vessels. 



