446 Alexander Goodman More Scientific Papers. 



VANELLUS CRISTATUS (Meyer). Lapwing. 



Provinces I.-XVIII. 



Subprovinces 1-38. 



Lat. 50-61. "British" type, or general. 



More numerous on the heaths and moors of the north, but is included 

 in every county list as breeding regularly. 



HJEMATOPUS OSTRALEGUS (Linn.}. Oyster-catcher. 



Provinces I.- IV. VI.-VIII. [IX.] XI.-XVIII. 



Subprovinces 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 11, 17, 18, (19), (21), 24-26, 28-38. 



Lat. 50-61. " Scottish " type. 



In the south of England the Oyster- catcher is comparatively rare in 

 summer ; and though it breeds regularly in Cornwall and Devon, a few 

 pairs only occur along the south coast ; rior is it much more numerous 

 on the eastern side of England. Thus, though ranging from extreme 

 south to north during the breeding-season, it belongs more properly to 

 the " Scottish" than to the " British " type. 



Obs. The Crane (Grus cinerea, Bechst.) is spoken of by Turner 

 (Avium Historia, 1543) as breeding in this country. This author says, 

 " earum pipiones ipse saepissime vidi"; and an Act of Parliament, 

 passed in 1533, made the taking of a Crane's egg an offence punishable 

 with a fine of twenty pence. But the bird could not have long continued 

 the practice of breeding with us, for to Sir Thomas Browne and John 

 Ray it was only known as a winter visitant. As in several other cases, 

 the bird's name remains, and in many parts of the country the Heron is 

 commonly known as the " Crane." 



ARDEA CINEREA (Linn.}. Common Heron. 



Provinces I.-XVIII. 



Subprovinces 1-35, 37. 



Lat. 50-60. " British " type, or general. 



The Heron breeds in every subprovince, and in nearly every county 

 from which I have received a list. It does not, however, nest in the 

 Outer Hebrides, nor in Shetland, and only occasionally in Orkney. 



BOTAURUS STELLARIS {Steph.}. Common Bittern. 



Provinces [II .-VI.] [VIII.] [X.-XV.] 



Subprovinces (6), (8), (10-12), (15), (17), (19), (22-24), (26), (28), 



(29), (31). 

 Lat. 50-58. " English " or (British ?) type. 



Though recorded as having formerly bred in many different parts of 

 the country, the Bittern can no longer be reckoned among our indi- 

 genous birds. The latest nest of which I have received information is 

 one that was taken about ten years ago at the Reservoirs near Tring. 



