116 LIFE ON THE EARTH. 



discovered two species of Coleoptera (Curculionidse), 

 and a Neuropterous Insect (Cerydalis) 1 . But the 

 most remarkable illustration of the utility of this 

 kind of hopeful search is afforded by the discovery 

 of a landshell, allied to if not identical with Pupa, 

 in the interior of a fossil tree (Sigillaria), in the 

 Coal-formation of Nova Scotia, by Sir C. Lyell and 

 Dr Dawson. Remains of Land Reptiles (Dendrer- 

 peton and Hylonomus), and a Chilognathous Myria- 

 pod (Xylobius). An airbreathing Gasteropod of a 

 modern genus, airbreathing Reptiles, Insects of two 

 recognized orders, and a Myriapod, these suggest 

 and indeed imply the existence of many more forms 

 of terrestrial animals so as to constitute a Fauna of 

 the Carboniferous age. Precarboniferous we might 

 perhaps say, for plants of the family (Lepidodendra) 

 with which these insects and reptiles and shells are 

 associated occur in earlier strata, being first noticed 

 in the uppermost bands of the Silurian system. 



Terrestrial plants are scattered at intervals 

 through most of the Marine Strata, above the Silu- 

 rian Rocks, thus indicating the force and frequency 

 of affluents from the land. They were collected in 

 considerable quantity in estuarine and lacustrine de- 

 posits of the Carboniferous and Oolitic eras, and in 

 lagoons of salt water, as at Stonesfield, having been? 



1 Prestwich, On Cocfbrook Dale Coalfield, Geol Trans. 



