CONTENTS. 



CHAP. PAGE. 



I. Elephants, Recent and Extinct ... 1 



IT. Tusks and their Uses . . . .14 



III. Moles and their Like . . . .25 



IV. Spiny Animals ..... 36 

 V. Parallelism in Development ... 46 



VI. Toothed Whales and their Ancestry . . 55 



VII. Whalebone and Whalebone Whales . . 66 



VIII. Ruminants and their Distribution . . 75 



IX. The Tallest Mammal . . 86 



X. Lemurs ...... 96 



XI. Armadillos and Aard-Varks . . . 108 



XII. The Oldest Mammals . . . .121 



XIII. Crocodiles and Alligators . . . 133 



XIV. The Oldest Fishes and their Fins . . 142 

 XV. Living Fossils . . . . .153 



XVI The Extinction of Animals . . .164 



XVII. Protective Resemblance in Animals . . 175 



XVIII. Sea-Urchins ..... 185 



XIX. K"ummulites and Mountains . . . 195 



XX. A Lump of Chalk and its Lessons . . 200 



XXI. A Flake of Flint and its History . 210 



