FARMERS' REGISTERS-LIVE STOCK. 



77 



the liigh satisfaction of providing the means ot 

 their own educ;ation yvithout aid from friends, or 

 from the heneliictions of the church. 



"This arrangement is tlic more important for 

 our j'oung men, Irom the fact tluit a Itnowlodge of 

 the business is easily acquired; several of the stu- 

 dents having gained such an acquaintance with 

 I he empl(jyment in three or four Aveeks, as to be 

 able to earn tbrty-six edits per day, or two dollars 

 seventy-six cents per week, by working three 

 hours per day. 



''Tliis operation is highly satisfactory' to the 

 committecj not only as furnishing a useful and ac- 

 vantageous employment to the students, but as it. 

 is unattended with any cxpensa >to the institution 

 in tiirnishing presses'; 'dr in. ffi'e printing and di-^po- 

 sition of the books. From nearly a year's full ex- 

 periment, the committee are fully persuaded that 

 tills brancli of our manual labor .has peculiar ad- 

 v'antagie-s.in respect to its simplicity, its appropriate 

 exercise, its general utility, and pecuniary results^; 



"In accordance with the sjjecial request of the 

 printers' association of thi>! institution; it is intend- 

 ed, as soon as "practicable, to adopt measures f&c 

 llu' extension of this establishment; and troni the 

 liiciiities here enjoyed lor cohductmg. the printing 

 busines, it is hoped that a large portion of our stu- 

 dents, at no very distant period, may enjoy the 

 advantage of this employment." 



In the cabinet slioi^s connected with the institu- 

 tion, rnnteriids have been furnished, and work 

 liaid tor, by an establishment iii Cincinnati, The 

 whole is placed under the superintendence of some 

 of the most skillid workmen among the students, 

 who are responsible to' the employers for all that is 

 done, and have secured a pecmiiary profit ot 

 iB701 35 in five months. The profit to- individuals 

 is thus stated by the committee: • . 



"Several of the best workmen haveearned fi'om 

 twelve and a half to fitleen cents" per houj-, and 

 have received tor their services diiring. the time 

 above specified, from forty to sixty dollars each; 

 while those who have recently commenced learn- 

 ing the business, have earned from ten to twenty 

 dollars each. 



"While the fact is here rendered obvious, that a 

 first-rate mechanic is eniirely independent in this 

 institution, and can support liimself by his three 

 hours' labor without inlringing at aU upon his study 

 hours, the. committee wish it to be understood that 

 such results are secured only by young men of ener- 

 getic, industrious, and economical habits; and that 

 those of difterent character, and who have little or 

 no knowleflge of tools^ ought not to rely, to any 

 considerable extent, at least for the first j'ear, upon 

 their labor as the means of paying the expenses of 

 tlie institution." 



A tarm of 110 acres is also annexed to the in- 

 stitution, from which additional advantages are 

 anticipated.- 



Such are the results of one of the most recent 

 experiments on the manual labor system, and they 

 seem to us to confirm the position we have main- 

 tained, that while this, like every other system of 

 education, needs afnuiidatinn on which to rest, and 

 the taithtial, persevering eiforts of skiltul agents, it 

 may be made a means of economy in education, 

 and of imparting that vigor of constitution Avhich 

 renders that education doubly valuable, and secures 

 to tlie individual, enjoyments and hopes which are 

 beyond all price. — Jinnals of Education. 



From the Nuw Vorti Fanner. 

 LIVE STOCiC. 



Jldaplatioa of Breeds of Live Stock in the Uiiitcd 

 States to the Soif. . 



Sir, — In some parts of the United States much 

 attention has been paid to the improvement of five 

 stock, and in nrany instances with success; but in 

 others the improvement aimed at lias not bcffh at- 

 tained, because the varieties of sod and climate 

 hatl not bcei; duly considered. In looking over the 

 large droves of cattle which are brquglit from the 

 west every year in October and Noyember, though 

 you see a strange medley of all ages, sizes, and 

 every variety of condition, yet you see the same 

 general character; nineteen out of twenty 'are red 

 and middle-horned; CA-idently of the same race as 

 th'e Devons, Herefofds, and Sussex cattle of Eng- 

 land. In the droves of sheep, you may look at a 

 hundred without seeing a good one, but amongst 

 any twenty head of caUle, you can always find 

 some ^oo;l; and what these- are, the Vv'hole might 

 have beeiv made, by selection and care. Good 

 ones iVould cost no more lo keep, if so much, and 

 Avould always liit qiiicker, and be worth more 

 monej^- ' . 



The great varieties of soil:' met with, rer[uire 

 cUfierent kinds of cattle, yet on poor soils, as aveII 

 as rich, most of our farmers aim more at size than 

 symmetn,', and handling is never thought of as an . 

 indication of qualities. 



It is URich to be desired that the farmers of the 

 west, where so many cattle are bred, woidd attend 

 to the grazing qualities of the stock they rear; and 

 it is sur])rising that no breeders have attempted to 

 establish a variety merely as milkers. . Good cows 

 ■are to be found here and there, but you look in 

 vain for any uniformity of character amongst 

 them." A permanent variety may be raised in a 

 lew years, by usefid management in always select- 

 ing the best milkers to be found, and putting a 

 bull to them which comes of a good milker. — 

 This is a main point, and not easy to succeed in. 

 A ^ood dairy bull ought to be clean in the head 

 and neck, and aUogether of a more femirane ap- 

 pearance than a common bull. 



In New England are many excellent cattle, all 

 of the middle-horned kind; by selection for several 

 generations, some parts of that country have now 

 a breed hardly to be surpassed, asimitingthe three 

 uses of cattle, that is, for beef, tlte yoke, and the 

 dairy. Yet they have no kind bred for the dairy 

 as the sole object. In the small territory of Great 

 Britain are many varieties of soil, and many cattle, 

 say from 30 to 40, generally well suited for their 

 places. At the head of all are the Improved 

 Short Horns, an admirable breed, yet from their 

 size, form, and constitution, they can only be kept 

 in fiivorable situations. If grazed in summer on 

 second rate lands, and kept on hay from the same 

 lands in winter, they woidd rapidly degenerate; 

 even artificinl food woidd not make up for the want 

 of qualit}' in the gi-ass and hay. Their early ma- 

 turity AATJuld soon be lost with the A\Tetched winter 

 keeping so common here. In their native districts, 

 \Aith a moist, temperate climate, and rich soil, they 

 are fed in the highest manner. Deep old grass 

 land in summer, with abundant turnips, and rich 

 ha}', in well littered, Avell sheltered yards during 

 winter, keep them always up to the mark. On 

 hiferior lands they would hardly five, yet there 



