FARMERS' REGISTER— PRODUCT AND CONSUMPTION OF BRITAIN. 213 



nial, in order to carry of}' the secwidines,* provided 

 in the uterus tor nourishing the iLetus; and wliich, 

 continuing tiiere, in consequence of -abortion, 

 would become jiutrcscent, and thus occasiona disa- 

 greeable odor that would quickly communicate an 

 inlection among other breeding cows. For this 

 purpose we would, at all times, recommend the 

 Ibllowing mixture to be given to the cow, as soon 

 alter calving as possible: let about three quarts of 

 Avater simmer over the fire: and, when warm, strew 

 m as nmch oatmeal cVS will be sufficient to make a 

 strong gruel, careliiUy stirring tiie whole till it boils, 

 that no lumps may arise; then add one quart of ale 

 (or two of t;ib!e beer) anxl one poimd of treacle, 

 and carefully incori)orate the diflerent ingrexhenls 

 by stirring. This mixture should be given luke- 

 warm: it is peculiarly grateful to cows, which will 

 drink it eagerly, after the first horntlil, and are thus 

 prevented from taking cold; and, as it is of import- 

 ance to regulate the state of the body, tins object 

 maybe eti'ecledby giving a warm brau mash; but 

 this treatment only applies to animals that are 

 housed. 



It will be necessary to milk the cows, especially 

 if they be full of flesh and tlie udder hard, three or 

 four times a day, for two or three days, andthe-calf 

 should be suflered to suck as frequently, if in the- 

 house; or, in the field, to run with her, and suck at 

 pleasure; care being taken to observe that the mo- 

 ther does not prevent it; for, if the udder or teats 

 be sore, she will naturally be averse to suckling, 

 and danger is incurred of losing both animais: and, 

 in case the kernel of the udder is hard, the hard- 

 ness may be removed by rubbing it three or four 

 tunes in the day. . , 



The falling down of the calf-bed is a serious ac- 

 cident, which sometimes occurs after a laborious 

 birth, when' the cow is more than usually fatigued, 

 although some beasts are naturall)' disposed to slich 

 weakness. Where the falling down of the calf-bed 

 is apprehended, the cow ought to be carefully 

 watched; and the placenta, -or cleansing, should be 

 removed, if possible, without effusion of blood; 

 after which the operator may gently replace the 

 calf-bed, taking care not to withdraw his hand till 

 the former begins to feel warm. The following 

 draught may then be given: let bay-berries, pulver- 

 ized gentian root, and coriander seeds, of each 

 one ounce; aniseeds and juniper berries, of each 

 two ounces; and half a pound of treacle, be given 

 in three pints of good strong beer; after which lead 

 the cow gently down a hill, if there be one adja- 

 cent, as the motion will gready contribute to re- 

 placing the calf-bed in its proper position, and ren- 

 der the application of stays to the womb unneees- 

 sary. Where beasts have a peculiar consti-uction, 

 favoring this malady, it'may jwssibly be prevented 

 when the period of gestation is nearly expired, by 

 extending their stalls so .as to favor their lying 

 down; but where the calt'-bed comes down, and no 

 immediate aid can be procured, it should be depo- 

 sited on and covered with a clean linen sheet; the 



* Or aft^rbirtli, sometimes terir'ed the' cleansing. 

 Cows will often eat this excrement, with avidity; and 

 to prevent tiiat, it is generally removed: but it is to be 

 doubted whether this practice is judicious, for nature 

 seems to have provided- this substance as a jnedicine 

 for the animal, which may be requisite at the time, 

 and its being eat^n is never known to he prejudicial to 

 its health. • ' 



irritation thereby produced being considerably less 

 than that of the air, litter, &c.; and when it is re- 

 placed, those parts which have been so exposed 

 should be bathed with new milk and brandy, rum, 

 or spirit of wine, after which the treatment above 

 mentioned may be pursued. 



y^fter calving, the cow should Hot be permitted 

 to take the bull- until four or five weeks have 

 elapsed, although she should show sj-mptoms of 

 coition sooner — as the womb is belbre that time in 

 so relaxed a state as seldom to admit of conception.* 

 [To be continued.] 



- CULTIVATION OF THE UNITED KIKGDOM. 



From the Quarterly Journal of Agriculture. 



The following statement will be found interest- 

 ing, as exhibiting the number of acres in cultiva- 

 tion ill the United Kingdom, and the diiTerent pur- 

 poses specified, for which there are employed in 

 England and Wales; as well as the number of 

 farms, and the annual amount of property derived 

 fi-om agricuLture: 



*g Oj OJ Oj 



v^ y a s 



c o _5i 



O 



o a M 



England 

 Wales 

 Scotland 

 Ii-eland 



25,632,000 3,454,000 3,256,400 32,342,400 

 3,117,000 5.30,000 1,105,000 4,752,000 

 5,265,000 5,950,000 8,523,930 19,738,930 



12,525,230 4,500,000 2,416,664 19,441,944 



British Isles, 383,690 166,000 569,469 1,119,159 



Total 46,922,970 14,600,000 15,871 ,463 77,394,433 



The number of farms in the United Kingdom 

 is estimated at 2,000,000 and the property annual- 

 ly derived from agriculture in Great Britain and 

 Ireland at £215,817,624. - . 



In England and Wales it is calculated that there 

 are — 

 3,250,000^ =2 o r Wheat. 

 1,250,000 I S ?i Barley and Rye. 

 3,200,000 fS^SJ Oats, Beans, and Peas. 

 1,200,000 i.o'S. Clover, Rye, Grass, &c. 

 1,200,000 J £•< [Roots and" Cabbages by the plough 

 2,100,000 Acres' of Fallows, 

 47,000 . . of Hop Grounds. 

 18,000 . . of Pleasure Grounds 

 17,300,000 . . depastured by Catde. 

 1,200,000 . . of Hedge Rows, Copses, and Woods, 

 1,30!),000 . . of Ways and Water-Courses. 

 5,029,000 .■. Common and Waste Lands. 



37,094,000 A.cres. — Total of England and Waies. 



Consumption oftoheat and other grain in the Uni- 

 ted Kingdom, in a year, six months, a month, a 

 toeek, ^'c. 



Total 



Quarters. 



52,000,000 



26,000,000 



13,000,000 



6,500,000 



4,333,333 



2,166,666 



1,083,3:33 



154,762 



A year - - 

 Six months - 

 Three months 

 Six weeks - - 

 One month - - 

 Two weeks - - 

 One week - - 

 One day - - - 



Wheat, 

 Quarters. 

 12,000,000 

 . 6,000,000 

 3,000,000 

 • 1.500,000 

 - 1,000,000 



- 500,000 



- 250,000 



- - 35,714 



Other Grain, 



Quarters. 



40,000,000 



20,000,000 



10,000,000 



5,000.000 



3,-333,333 



1,666,666 



- 833,333 



119,048 



* See Skellett on the Parturition of the Cow; which 

 contains much vahiable information on the subject of 

 difficult births. 



