62S 



FARIVTERS' REGISTETl— MAKING MAlPtlRE. 



of inrreaping the quantity of the same, will fre 

 qiiently make calculatioiiR resembling some or all of 

 those vvliich follow; and not only make, but ac- 

 tually put them in practice ; for, o;ive me leave to 

 observe, that calculations alone will make very little 

 manure. 



The farm yard* As soon as the haying and 

 harvesting season is over, the fiirmer should com- 

 mence collecting a large quantity of brakes, 

 swamp grass, or coarse ^refuse grass of any de- 

 scription, and, after having removed the manure 

 from his barn yard, spread rlie brakes, grass, &c. 

 over the whole suriace of the yard. There is no 

 danger of getting this covering of too great a 

 depth. It should be suffered to remain in"tliis sit- 

 uation till the next tall, when, together with the 

 dung and urine of cattle with which it is mixed, it 

 makes an excellent manure, and should be carted 

 out and laid in large heaps, for the ])urpose of 

 being placed in the hills oflndian corn, or potatoes, 

 the ensuing spring. It is believed that this is 

 the_ most profitable method of making and ap- 

 plying such manure. If used the spring after it 

 is made, it is not sufficiently rotten or decomposed 

 to become the proper food of plants. It may be 

 worth observing that the practice of covering the 

 barn yard with brakes is very beneficial to the 

 cows kept in the yard during the fall season, 

 and is equally as necessary as 'the stable litter in 

 the winter. These weeds are very injurious to 

 our pastures, and every cutting tends to destroy 

 Ihem. 



The hog yard. With a little labor much valua- 

 ble manure may be made in this enclosure. It is 

 strong, rich and oily, and the fermentation of it pro- 

 ceeds slowly, consequently it aft'ords more steady 

 and durable nourishment to the plants to which it is 

 applied, than most other manures, and answers a 

 good purpose when mixed with a large quantity of 

 earthy or vegetable substances. 



For the purpose of increasing the quantity of 

 this manure, the flTrmer should deposite in his ho o- 

 yard at every convenient opportunity, chip-dung!^ 

 rich earth, weeds, leached ashes, leaves, moss, 

 turf, and such other substances as his ingenuity 

 may suggest; for no person should allow himself 

 to be an entire book farmer, or servile imitator. 

 That the mixture of the several ingredients may 

 the more readily and efficiently be performed by 

 the swine, a little corn or other grain should be 

 jeprinkled over the yard. 



This is a good manure to enrich the exhausted 

 soil of a garden, or to spread on land to be planted 

 with Indian corn ; but perhaps the best manner of 

 applying it is to cart it out every spring, and place 

 it in the hills of Indian corn, or potatoes. If the 

 crop be not a good one where this manure is used, 

 we must look for the fiiilure from some other cause 

 than the want of an excellent manure. 



The compost heap. Manures combined of dif- 

 fcrent materials, and of such substances as are 

 calculated to act upon each other by fermentation. 

 or otherwise, are erainesitly useful in increasing 

 the fertility of soils, and promoting the growth o7" 

 vegetables. 



Select some convenient spot not far distant from 



* Tfns enclosure is usnally denominated by tbe fiir- ' net^cia 

 mers a barn yard, and this apnears to be the most pro- ! 

 per designation; but most writers on agriculture call 

 it a {arm yard, 



the back part of your house, or near the bam yard, 

 and cart or place thereon, not in layers, but "judi- 

 ciously mixed or shovelled together, such sub- 

 stances as the following, viz. rich earth, such as 

 may be obtained fi-om ditches or the sides of the 

 road ; mud or the dirt from hollows, which have 

 received the wash from rich lands; marl, ashes, 

 oily substances, soot, putrified flesh, dead animals 

 may be buried in the compost heap, if placed at 

 such a depth as to prevent any noxious efl^lavia ; 

 woollen rags cut in small pieces, scrapings of the 

 cellar and kitchen .yard, of lanes and back j-ards 

 after rains, rubbish of old chinmeys, earth that 

 has been long under cover, salt, old brine, blood 

 and soap suds. These should be frequently mix- 

 ed together, and at each stirring much common 

 earth, or that which lies adjoining the heap, may 

 be added. If this manure be designed tor a cold, 

 stif}', clayey soil, sand or dry sandy loam should 

 be a principal ingredient ; but if for open, light, 

 sandy ground, clay should be added. It would be 

 well to add to the heap some warm manure to 

 promote its fermentation ; sheep dung would he 

 the best. Straw, refuse fodder, brakes, or any 

 such vegetables, Avould be better disposed of m 

 the barn yard than in this heap. The making of 

 such a heap causes an appearance of neatness to 

 exist about the house and other buildings ; and be- 

 sides being a rich manure, the removing of so 

 much rubbish to its proper pla,ce is conducive to 

 the health of the occupants or inmates of the 

 house. 



This is a good manure to spread on tillage land, 

 lust before sowing it with wheat or any kind of 

 grain and hay seed. Itshoiild be covered in the 

 soil with the harrow. It will cause the grain to 

 grow luxuriantly, and the land seldom fails of 

 being well stocked with grass. It may be profita- 

 bly applied to gardens, and as a top dressing to 

 wet, cold m.owing lands. 



jPeat moss, or sioamp mud. This is a substance 

 which yields little or no nourishment to plants un- 

 less it be mixed with barn yard or stable dung, or 

 some kind of hot manure to bring it into a stale of 

 fermentation ; in this case the mixture may be 

 used in the same manner and nearly to the same 

 effect " weight for weight as barn yard dung." 



The cheapest and best manner of making this 

 kind of compost manure is, when the barn yard 

 dung is carried into the field early in the fiall, a' 

 certain quantity, say one-half, or even two-thirds 

 of the heap may be composed of swamp mud, 

 which should be well mixed with the other ma- 

 nure. The whole mass at this time will undergo 

 a strong fermentation, and become a good ma- 

 nure. Some practise carting swamp mud into the 

 barn yard ; but in this case the two kinds of ma- 

 nure will not so well assimilate by fermentation, 

 as when they are both moved at the same time 

 .and mixed together. The mud should be re- 

 moved fi-om the swamp, and left to dry some weeks 

 before it is carried to the compost heap. I tried 

 some of this compost in the hill for corn and pota- 

 toes, on a dry warm soil ; it consisted of nearly 

 two-thirds mud ; it did well with the potatoes, but 

 with the corn, barn yard dung had tlie advantage, 

 though in this case the mixture ^vas probably be- 



1 



APPLICATION O 



In addition to what has 



F" MANURE. 



been before remarked 



