646 



FARMERS' REGISTER— HEDGES— HISTORY OF THE HORSLl. 



of Villetranche ouglit to be noted as eiifiveh' fbr- 

 eiirn to this new industrious and atjncultiiral con- 

 quest. This neglect is much more to be regret- 

 ted, as this iocaUtyorters (as do ail the others) the 

 most favorable positions tor the growth. If M. 

 Dunin mide the statistics of the plantations o; 

 mulberry trees, he Avould mark, and correctly, the 

 entire periecture of Villefranche with his blackest 

 ink. 



General table of the plantation of mulberry trees 

 and of the tiuinagenient of silk-worms, in the 

 department of ^"Ivzyron, in 1833. 



Muibeny trees ot 

 large size, (a haute 

 tige) planted. 



before 

 1819. 



9,3.50 



from 

 IS 19 to 

 1833. 



26,260 



No. of the 

 cocoons of 

 iie raising 

 )f 1833. 



kilog. 

 10,000 



I hope that these statements may be agreeable 

 to you, and show tiie high estimatioa which I at- 

 tach to the extending of an industry upon which 

 you have spread so much light. 1 would also de- 

 sire much that my countrymen, so often admon- 

 ished, may be willing to decide on profiting by 

 your advice and instruction-. They know that 

 the mulberry tree grows very well in our dej)art- 

 ment; that they have resisted two trials the most 

 severe that a tree could bear; I speak of the 17 or 

 18 degrees of cold during the winters of 1829 and 

 1830, and the extreme heat and long drought of 

 the summer of 1831. At both of these periods, so 

 different, and so extreme, the chestnut trees, the 

 walnuts, the oaks, and many other indigenous 

 trees sustained with us very great damages. The}' 

 know, by the accounts which have been given, 

 and many by their own experience, that the rear- 

 ing of worms have succeeded beyond their hopes, 

 when they have been well conducted. They 

 know (and I give new proofs of it now) that our 

 country has produced for a long time silks of the 

 best quality. They also know that the sale of this 

 merchandize is certain, jirompt, and advanta- 

 geous. In short, they know all that is necessary 

 to be known for this new industry, with the best 

 established confidence. Well ! if there are some 

 undecided or timid minds among the Aveyro- 

 nese who wish to wait for better or more positive 

 results, I have faith enough in the good judgement, 

 and I know too much of the intelligence of the 

 greater part among them, to fear that the number 

 is large: and although I am telerably far advanced 

 in the career of my life, I dare hope that I may be 

 permitted to see one day, that my eflibrts have not 

 been completely foreign to the prosperity of my 

 country. 



AMANS CARRIER. 



From the Genesee Farmer. 

 WILLOAVS AND GRAPB VINES FOR HEDGES. 



Mr. L. Tucker — Although I have not been a 

 strenuous advocate for hedges as fence, believing 

 they were generally harbors lor weeds, and took 

 too much ground,yct there are circumstances which 

 render them very proper. Many years ago a friend 

 of iBin*" had about ten acres of ewamp land, eo 



miry that he could not make a good fence ; on this 

 swamp he planted a double row of yellow willow 

 cuttings nine inches apart, making the rows break 

 join's — these, in about three years, had grown 

 rom twelve to sixteen feet Jiigh — they were then 

 lofped about six feet from the ground and the to[ 3 

 iorought down, Aller this a row of blue grape 

 vine cuttings was [danted one every three feet, 

 along the willows — these in a few years climbed 

 the trees, and have yielded a plcntitul crop of 

 grape juice, which has been sold to the distilleries, 

 and furnished a good income ; so that the proprie- 

 tor has not only a trood fence but a fruitful one. 

 This land was divided by small narrow ditches, 

 nine inches wide and six deep, every four rods — 

 then between these ditches, when the ground was 

 frozen, he carted on a quantity of j it sand, by 

 which means the water was thro\\Ti each way to 

 these narrow ditches, and the land sown with red 

 top grass, and has for more tlian twenty years 

 yielded a plentiful crop of hay annuall}^ This 

 land, since my remembrance, was considered 

 worthless, but now yields an income of more than 

 two hundred dollars per annum. 



R. M. WILLIAMS. 



Potter, Nov. 29, 1834. 



From the Library of Useful Ivnowledge — Farmer's Series^ 

 GENERAL HISTORY OF THE HORSE. 



The native country of the horse cannot with 

 certainty be traced. He has been found, varying 

 materially in size, in form, and in utility, in all 

 the temperate, in most of the sultry, and in many 

 of the northern regions of the Old VVorld. 



In the sacred volume, which, beside its higher 

 claims to stand at the head of the Farmer's Li- 

 brary, contains the oldest authentic record of past 

 transactions, we are told that, so early as 1650 

 years before the birth of Christy the horse had 

 been domesticated by the Eg}'ptians. When 

 Joseph carried his father's remains from Egypt to 

 Canaan, "there went up Avith him both chariots 

 and horsemen." * One hundred and fifij^ years 

 afterwards, the horse constituted the principal 

 strength of the Egyptian army. Pharoh pursued 

 the Israelites with "six hundred chosen chariots, 

 and with all llT.e chariots of Egypt," f 



If we could believe the accounts of tlie unin- 

 spired historians, Sesostris (the monarch proba- 

 bly whom Joseph served) had twenty-seven 

 thousand chariots of war; and Semiramis, the 

 founder of Babylon, had one hundred thousand 

 chariots, and a nnllion of horsemen; but this was 

 probably a great exaggeration. 



Fifty years after the expulsion of the Israelites 

 fi-om Eorypt, and 1450 years before the birth of 

 Christ, tlie horse was so flir naturalized in Greece that 

 the Olympic games were instituted, including cha- 

 riot and horse races. We have, therefore, sufficient 

 evidence that the horse was at a very early period, 

 subjected to the dominion of man, and, unfortu- 

 nately, for the worst of purposes — the business of || 

 war. "^ 



From the records of the Old Testament, we are 

 likewise enabled to ascertain the precise period of 

 time, when in Egypt and Canaan, and the neigh- 

 boring countries, tliis animal began to be domesti- 



• (Jen. i. 9. f Exod. xvi. 7. 



