FARMERS' REGISTER— ENEMIES— VINTAGE— PRESERVATION. 



699 



the vine, it rolls and eats the leaves, the stems of 

 the leaves, and of the grapes. This caterpillar, 

 says Bosc, is green, with a yellow spot on each 

 side of the first ring, and a black head; it causes 

 nuich damage in tiie environs of Paris and else- 

 where. Robergeot directs lor its destruction, in 

 the butterfly state, to make fires as the night 

 comes on; the butterfl)- is attracted to them imme- 

 diatel}' and burned. The fires are repeated fre- 

 quently, and destroy at the same tinie the btrinbijces, 

 the nodudlcs, the phalencs, and other insects which 

 fly in great numbers into the flames. 



The eriMum de la tugne. Every body knovv's 

 this (parasitic) plant, which appears on tlic in- 

 lerior surface of the leaves in the form of spots, at 

 first white and afterwards red and irregular; it des- 

 troys the leaves; the remedy is to pull off those 

 that are attacked and burn them. 



The teigne de la vigne. The larva, called vine- 

 worm, lives in the berry, and proceeds, says Bosc, 

 from one to the other by sj)inning itself a gallery 

 of silk. The damaged berries and galleries" must 

 be taken off and the whole burned. 



The eumolpe de la vigne, grihovri, or covpe- 

 bimrgeon. This eats the shoots, rolls the leaves, 

 and dcposites its eggs which are hatched into 

 worms. The parts attacked must be taken off 

 and burned. 



The Sphinx de la vlgne. The larva eats the 

 leaves; but it is rare. The remedy is to remove 

 the leaves and burn them. 



The aitelabes vert et cramolsi. These two in- 

 sects in the state of larvae cat the leaves, the leaf 

 stalks, and the stems of the fruit. The injured 

 parts must be gathered and burned. These in- 

 sects are called also urbere, diableau, beche, liselte, 

 velours vert, and destraux. 



The hanneton. The larva, under the name of 

 white worm, gnaws the roots of the vine and kills 

 it. The earth should be dug to find the worm. 

 It is said that if lettuce is sowed near, the worm 

 will quit the vine to seek the lettuce. 



The wasps and drones are also very troublesome; 

 the}'' should be killed by smoking them whh a 

 bundle of straw. Bottles of water sweetened Avith 

 honey are also hung up in which they di'own 

 themselves. 



Snails and slugs eat the leaves; they should be 

 collected in the morning and after rains, and re- 

 moved from the vineyard. 



Many birds feed on grapes, the thrush, the star- 

 ling, the loriot, the linnet, &c.; these must be 

 frightened by scare-crows or killed. 



J^irrward grapes, (primeurs.) To obtain these 

 at Paris, from the grapes on trellises, fifteen days 

 before the period of ripening, an annular wound is 

 made on the vine when it is on the point of matur- 

 ing its bunches. 



Grapes are also obtained twenty days earlier 

 than those on trellises, by placing the vine in a 

 green-house, or other place where it never freezes: 

 the vine stock is brought out through the wall. 

 When the vine is in bloom, the young bunches 

 are inserted into transparent glass bottles ; the 

 grapes, heated by the sun, ripen early, and when 

 they are ripe the bottles are broken. But the 

 most expeditious method is to place a portable 

 green-house before the trellis, that the sun may 

 shme upon the glasses and warm the vine; a fire j 

 also is kindled. 



The vintage. The grapes are known to be ripe I 



when the stem has become brown, and the berries 

 fall at the least touch; the juice is then sweet, 

 sticky, and sugary: the fruit is gathered in fine 

 sunshiny weather, and the bad berries should be 

 taken away. 



About twelve days before they are ripe, a great- 

 er or less number of bunches are enclosed in bags 

 of hair-cloth; in this way they are kept till hard 

 frosts, and are protected from the birds. 



Preservation. Grapes gathered a little while 

 before thc)^ are ripe, are kept in square oalien 

 chests lined with lead, and of any required size; 

 they are lifted by iron rings. In the bottom of 

 these is first placed a layer of moss, and after- 

 wards a layer of grapes, without wi|)ing thera, at 

 four millimetres (two lines) apart; this is continued 

 till the chest is fiill. The chests are closed her- 

 metically, to prevent the air and light from pene^ 

 Irating: when this is finished they are let down 

 into a well, each attached to a chain, and they are 

 suspended near the water. When grapes are 

 wanted, the chain is drawn up, the}' are taken out, 

 the chest closed again, and again let down near 

 the water. These grapes keep till February if no 

 water enters the chest. 



Grapes are kept also by putting the bunches an 

 hurdles spread with wheat straw: they are laid 

 side by side without touching or having been 

 wiped. The hurdles are afterwards set in the sun, 

 if it shiiies; the bunches are turned, and when the 

 moisture has e\'aporated, the hurdles are placed iii 

 the fruit loft. 



H. TOLLARD. 



[Since receiving the foregoing translation, we fiave 

 noticed the following passage in the Horticultural Re- 

 gister of Boston, which refers to some of the practices 

 described at large in this article.] 



"The mode of training the vine at Thomery, 

 appears to have originated from the well-known 

 and singular fact, that an extended vine produceii 

 not fruit except at its extremities. That a vine car- 

 ried beyond the bounds of a limited extent, ever 

 becomes barren at its base. The system of train- 

 ing and pruning. Which is there practised, and 

 with such signal success, may therefore be con- 

 sidered as the perfection of every mode which has 

 ever been devised. 



Thomery is a village near Fontainebleau, and 

 but a few leagues from Paris. Its grapes, with 

 which the markets of the capital are supplied, are 

 proverbial (or their superior excellence. It will 

 appear evident, that this justly merited celebrity, 

 is not due either to the superior quality of the soil, 

 or to its favorable exposure; but the management of 

 their grapes alone. For Thomery has not a hap- 

 py exposition; the quality of the soil is inferior, in 

 many parts steril. It is on the side of a hill, 

 facing north and ecist, and sloping to the river 

 Seine, which washes its base; the soil is clayey, 

 cold, and almost incredibly hard to cultivate." 



l''iom the Genesee Farmer. 

 CURING CORN rODI>ER. 



It has been a generally received opinion among 

 farmers that corn fodder should be perfectly cured 

 before it is placed in the stack, or mow, to prevent 

 the accumulation of mould on the stalks. In this, 

 I had always acquiesced, but an experiment invol- 



