774 



FARMERS' REGISTER— CHINESE MULBERRY. 



those vaults, would be soon repaid by the advan- 

 tage of the best kind of manure, which at i)resent 

 is universally suffered to flow away in waste. 

 Even to offices already built, an exterior cistern 

 might be added; but it is essential that it should be 

 secure iron) the admission ot" rain, or any other 

 water. 



The collection made in the winter months 

 would be a great source of fertility; but il" once 

 connected with a regular soiling system, the 

 increase would embrace an infinitely wide ex- 

 tent. 



By an extensive cultivation of rape, and by the 

 general establishment of these cisterns; to what 

 ])itch of improvement and produce might not the 

 light lands ol Great Britain and Ireland be speedi- 

 ly advanced? If it be a practical fact, that upon 

 the farm of Vollandre, the urine of 44 head of 

 cattle, with the aid of 12000 rape cakes of two 

 pounds each, is sufficient to manure in the best 

 manner twenty-one English acres, the proprietor 

 of a rape mill, w'ho could house double that num- 

 ber of cattle, might venture on the improvement 

 of an extensive tract, with every prospect of suc- 

 cess. But the addition of the rape cake is only 

 for those who have the material in possession, or 

 are able to jnirchase it; even without it, the liquid 

 manure is highly efficacious, but will not spread 

 so far, or be so ])ermanent; the cost, however, is 

 only that of providing a suitable cistern; and if 

 the mention now made of this practice, shall here- 

 alter appear to have been the means of introducing 

 it into our countries, it niay have eventually ren- 

 dered the cause of agriculture no inconsiderable 

 gerviae, 



UBPOJiT ON THE MULBiniRY OF THE PHILIP- 

 PINES, (Moras cuculluta.* ) 



Made to the Academy of Dijon, by one of its mem- 

 bers, Mr. TiLLOY, of the Medical Jury of the de- 

 partment of Cote d'Or, (August 1S34.) 



Translated for the Farmers' Register, from the Aunales de VJl^- 

 riculture Fiancaisc, 



In 1831, I had the honor of making a report to 

 the Academy on a memoir which had been ad- 

 dressed to it by M. Bonalbus. The culture of 

 mulberries on meadows, and the introduction of a 

 new species of mulberry, were the subject of this 

 memoir. At that time 1 only gave an account of 

 the work, not having the means to repeat the ex- 

 periments which were relative to it. Since, the 

 Academy has owed to the extreme kindness of M. 

 Bonalbus the sending of a score of mulberry trees 

 from the Philippines. These are they which have 

 assisted my attempts to make plain the advantages 

 which they present over the other species of mul- 

 berry. 



As the author of the memoir had mentioned, 

 the shoots of this midberry increase from six to 

 seven feet in one year, the leaves are rapidly de- 

 veloped, many of them being from ten to twelve 

 inches in length, and from eight to ten in breadth. 

 Besides, it has the great advantage of being in- 



*The plant described above, under a different name, 

 (both common and botanical) is tliat known in this 

 couiitry as the Chinese Mulberry, (^morus inuUicaidis.) 

 —Ed.' Farm. Reg. 



creased by slips, and from the large size of its leaves 

 we will admit with M. Bonalbus, that five thou- 

 sand slips of this mulberry would be equal to one 

 hundred thousand plants of the common white 

 mulberry. Since these mulberry trees have been 

 planted, there has not been weather sufficiently 

 cold to assure us that they could stand it: but the 

 experiments of M. Bonalbus leave no doubt in 

 this respect. The good quality of the leaves can- 

 not be disputed, after the confidence which one 

 ought to grant to the author, and after the expe- 

 riments we have made, an account of which we 

 are going to give you. 



In the same situation, and in the same tempera- 

 ture, five hundred silk worms have been raised on 

 tlfe common white mulberry, and five hundred on 

 the mulberry of the Philipj)ines. The time of the 

 raising was of the same duration; 15 pounds of 

 the leaves of the white mulberry, and 15 pounds 

 of the nmlberry of the Philippines were sufficient 

 for both. The labor of the silk worms being over, 

 the cocoons were weighed: 384 cocoons of the 

 worms fed on the mulberry of the Philippines 

 weighed one pound, while it took 420 of the others 

 for the same weight: both gave two ounces of 

 very fine silk from a pound of" cocoons. The only 

 difference that has been remarked, was, that in 

 winding the cocoons furnished by the worms fed 

 on the mulberry of the Philipj)ine, no threads 

 were broken, which was not the case with the 

 others. This is a proof of the superior quality of 

 the silk of the first. 



It is then clearly proved that this mulberry has 

 a real advantage over the other species. They 

 give a larger quantity cf leaves, cocoons heavier, 

 and richer in silk of the best quality. 



If" M. Perrotfet has rendered a great service to 

 this branch of industry by the introduction of this 

 species of mulberry, M. Bonafous has made that 

 service effectual by his care to multi|dy tbe plant, 

 to spread it, and to make all its advantages known. 



PROPAGATION OF THE CHINESE BlULBERRY. 



Translated for the Farmers' Eesister from the Somnairr. dcs se- 

 ances, i^c. of January 7, 1835. 



M. Valmorin reads an extract of a letter from 

 M. Maupoil, a Frenchman settled at Dolo, in 

 Lombardy, relating 1o the rearing of silk worms 

 in 1834, by means of the mulberry of tlie Philip- 

 pines. It appears from this letter, that in 1834 

 the rearing of silk worms on these leaves has suc- 

 ceeded as well as in 1833, or as well as it was pos- 

 sible to desire. It also is there stated, that M. 

 Maupoil, who propagates the mulberry of the Phi- 

 lippines in every mode, has observed that the 

 plants raised from seeds, tended to apjiroach [in 

 character] the common white mulberry; whence 

 he is led to conclude, it may not be but a variety of 

 this mulberry, and tliat to preserve the former, 

 with the qualities which recommend it, it must be 

 propagated by slips, and by grafting.* 



*This additional testimony of the unfitness of the 

 seeds of the Chinese Mulberry to continue its kind 

 has reached us (in the Jlimalcs, 8tc. for January 1835) 

 since the note on this subject at patje 7S6, was printed. 

 — Ed. Farm. Reg. 



