1938] 



FARMERS' REGISTER, 



Tit 



ihe nakednes ol" the country doe stiffiiiently evi- j 

 dence the necessity of provideinjr supply of our 

 wants hy improveiti*^ all nu-anes ol' raysiiifi and 

 prouioteinjT manulitcturos arniiii<ie ourselves, and 

 the irovernours honoiir liaveinir l>y apjiarenl de- 

 niunstralions inaiiirested that our [loverty and ne- 

 cessity proceeds more lioni the want oi' industry 

 then delect of aMlity, f^iuce that five women or 

 children of 12 or 13 ycares of ajie may with much 

 ease provide sufliiient cioalhinjr !br thirty persons, 

 il tliey would betake themselves to spmning, 

 which cannot be objected a<;:ainst, if weavers and 

 iooines were once provided ; lor the better eHect- 

 iuii; whereof, Be it enacted by the authority of 

 this strand assembly that within two yeares at fur- 

 thest after date of this act, the commissioners of 

 each county court shall provide and sett up a 

 looine and weaver in each of ihe respective coun- 

 ties of this country, at the charire of the county, 

 and that noe private person seitinji up a ioome at 

 his owne charge shall excuse the cotinty li-om set- 

 tino; up a publique one ; IJut that every court ne- 

 frleciing to [lerforme the tenour ot this act shall be 

 fined two thousand pounds of tobacco to the use 

 of the publique and inlbrmer. Provided that the 

 executin<r hereof in the counties of Rapahanock, 

 Stafford,* Westmerland and JVorthumhciland who 

 by the newnesse of their ixround pretend them- 

 selves incapable of makeinj; provision for the soe 

 soone iinployment o( a weaver be respited (or 

 fowre yeares after the date hereol." — p. 238-9. 



The next act repeals all prior acts for encou- 

 ragement of silk, and other commodities, not upon 

 the ground of their inefficacy, but for reason that 

 they had so operated as no lonirer to be necessary. 

 This assertion is not sustained by other evidence, 

 and may well be refused credence. 



" Whereas the providence and care of the pub- 

 lique good in former assemblies thought fitt for 

 the advance and promotion of trade, manufactures 

 and staple comodities in the country, to grant of 

 the publique certaine encouragements lor building 

 of vessells, makeing of silke, cloath, &c. By 

 which meanes diverse people being induced to put 

 the same in practice, have by their successe made 

 evident demonstrations how beneficial the same 

 will prove; This assembly in hopes that all peo- 

 ple now convinced of the profitis accrevving there- 

 by will of theire owne accords vigerously prose- 

 cute those now apparently profitable designes, 

 have therefore for the ease of the publique taxes 

 thought fitt to enact, as by this grand assembly 

 and the authority thereof, it is enacted, that all 

 acts of encouragement of silke, cloath, build- 

 ing of vessells or any thing else may henceforth 

 be generally and totally repealed and voyd, ex- 

 cept the act for release of the impost of two shil- 

 lings per hogshead to inhabitants of this country 

 adventuring in vessells belongintr properly and 

 eolely to Virginia owners, acconling to the one 

 hundred and thirty fourth act of assembly ; And 

 moreover that the act imposeing a fine for not 

 planting of mulberry trees which every one inten- 

 ded to make silke will now propagate voluntarily, 

 be also repealed and made voyd."— pp. 241 -2. 

 (To be continued.') 



* This is the first time the name of Stafford occurs 

 among the counties. In Mercer's abridgment, title 

 • Counties,' it is said to have been established in 1675. 



To tlie Editor of the Fnrmers' Register. 



Murfreesboro' N. C, Dec. 1, 1838. 

 Jjately meeting, in a copy of the " Courier des 

 K\;\\s Unis," with a communication read in the 

 French Academy ol" Sciences, by M. Rouli", on 

 a subject wiiich comes within the sphere of agri- 

 culture, I have ihouirhtlhat I niiglil at least inter- 

 est if not instruct your readers, by sending you a 

 translation of it lor publication in your valuable 

 periodical. Should this be favorably received, I 

 may possibly send you others during the winter. 

 ^ ^ J3. S. VV. 



THE CHANGES UNDERGONE BY DOMESTIC AM- 

 JIAI^S ON BEING TRANSPORTED FROM EU- 

 ROPE TO AMERICA. 



Being part of an essay on tliat sul)ject, read in tlie French Aca- 

 demy of Sciences, by M. Koulin, and translated for the 

 Fanners' Register. 



The observations of our author on this subject 

 were made during a residence of six years, in a 

 part of Colombia, extending from the third to the 

 tenth degree of north latitude, and from the 70th 

 to the 80th degree of west longitude. Although 

 this space is limited, it ofjlt'rs a field very favorable 

 for observations of this character ; being traversed 

 throughout its whole extent by the great chain of 

 the Andes, divided here into three smaller branch- 

 es, so that animals fitted for a temperature of ten 

 degrees, (Reaumur) and those for a temperature 

 of thirty degrees, may be found within a very 

 short distance from each other. 



Has the establishment in these regions of ani- 

 mals, transported ii-om Europe, been attended 

 with any remarkable phenomena ? Once natural- 

 ized, do they remain, as they were in Europe 1 

 If they have undergone any permanent change, 

 may not this new transformation throw some light 

 upon that which they have formerly experienced 

 in passing from the savage to the domestic state 1 

 These are the questions which would naturally 

 present themselves to the student, and for the so- 

 lution of which the author brings a great many 

 lacls relative to the different species. 



The dfammifsrtB. 



The animals of this class, which have been 

 transplanted from the old to the new world, are 

 the hog, the sheep, the goat, the ass, the horse, 

 the cow and the dog. These have become at 

 this day much more numerous in Ihe new conti- 

 nent than all the large native quadrupeds. 



The HOG, considered as an occupant of warm 

 valleys, or as roaming through the forests and seek- 

 inir wild fruits, which, at certain seasons, compose 

 his whole ibocl, has passed almost all the marks of 

 his domestic state. He has become again half- 

 wild. In 1493, one year after the discovery of 

 America, the first hogs were introduced into this 

 country, in the island of St. Domingo. In suc- 

 ceeding years, they were carried wherever the 

 Spaniards settled, and in the space of half a cen- 

 tury, were established from the 25th degree of 

 north latitude, to the 45th of south latitude. They 

 seemed to suffer nothing from the change of cli- 

 mate, and from the very commencement were 

 raised with the same facility as in Europe. 



The naturalization of cattle presented diffi- 

 culties of a more serious kind, which, however, 

 were conquered by the admirable perseverance of 

 the first colonists. The island of St. Domingo, 



