F A R M E li S ' REGIS T K R . 



77 



lion for his kindred ; llie second is liis sense of 

 their mutual bul sole de|)endence, under Provi- 

 dence, on industry and llirilt, to siive them lioni 

 the sli;inie orbeiiirary. The parent wrestles hard 

 to push Ibrward some part of liis liiniily hy dial ol' 

 educaiion : tlie cliiki, unknown to any. 



'deposits his sair won penny fee, 

 To help his parents dear, shoidd ihey in hardship be.' 



By reciprocal ijood oiiices, hy joint industry, 

 pohriely, and produce, they get on wonderliilly. 

 In sickness tliey apply at the nearest liouse where 

 any medicine orcomlbrt is likely to be ohtained lor 

 their liiend in distress; they seem to expect 'l as 

 a debt, or rather a loan, due from one Christian 

 to another: hut I'or the least drop of honey, jelly, 

 wine, or even vinegar obtained there is a visit liom 

 the patient, as soon as he can crawl abroad, with 

 a thousand thanks, and a fowl, some eggs, or the 

 like ; which how to reliise or to pay I'or without 

 oflence it requires some tact to discover. 



On entering the habitaiion of the cotter, his fare 

 is found to be very simple. In summer, oatmeal 

 porridge witli milk Icr breakfast, potatoes for 

 dinner, and bread and milk or something similar 

 for supper. In winter, porrid^re, with [)erhaps a 

 little bit of butler or some treacle, to breaklasi ; 

 potatoes mashed, cut into slices, and done on the 

 gridiron, and eaten with a very liitle fish, pork, or 

 a bit of cheese to dinner, and gruel with a few 

 potatoes ar a bit of oaten or barley bread to supper. 

 His abstinence is nearly complete from tea, cotiee, 

 sugar, candles, soap, ale, parliament whisky, * 

 and every taxed commodity, except tobacco; and 

 the nature of the climate has rendered it one of the 

 necessaries of his lile. 



To a greater share of the comforts ol" life, the 

 agricultural working man and his family may, 

 doubtless, be admitted, and are so daily ; but pru- 

 dence and care and moral conduct continue, and it 

 is hoped will long continue, to characterize this 

 eimpie, industrious, and virtuous class of men. 



Patrick Sellar. 



Morvich, 6lh January, 1S31. 



A GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE APPARA- 

 TUS FOR CARRYING INTO EFFECT THE 

 FORCING SYSTEM OF VENTILATING CO- 

 COONERIES, INVENTED BY d'aRCET. 



[Several years have passed since we met with 

 some general notices, in a French periodical, of M. 

 D'Arcet's plan of ventilation for cocooneries, and 

 of its admiiable success in the practice of JVl. 

 Camille Beauvais, in the very unfavorable climate 

 of the vicinity of Paris. One of these articles was 

 published in a former volume of the Farmers' Re- 

 gister. But still nothing was stated of particulars. 

 We attempted to procure the full plan, as first 

 published, Iro.ai France ; but, hke many other 

 Buch efforts, in vain. At last, it has been obtained 

 for, and published in, the ' Silk Grower,' and we 

 hasten to lay the article before our readers. The 

 Buccessful and interesting results of the earliest 



• Within these few years, illicit distillation has al- 

 most entirely disappeared, and the character of those 

 that dealt in it has proportionally improved. 



experiment on this plan (though very imperfectly 

 executed,) by Messrs. Cheneys, were published 

 in I ur No. 12, of the last volume. 



Highly as we estimate the value of this "arti- 

 ficial systeu)," which sul'jects, almost entirely, the 

 weather and atmosphere to the control of man, 

 and though we believe it will be found to be the 

 cheaper and better mode in regular cstablishmenta 

 on a great scale of operations, yet we by no nieana 

 recommend it for any other. The natural tem- 

 perature and ordinary seasons of Virginia are su(^ 

 ficiently good for a high degree of success and 

 profit in silk-culture ; and in feeding-rooms of mo- 

 derate size, where sufficient space and change of 

 air are secured, nothing more than the natural air 

 and temperature is essential, though doubtless a 

 little fire in cool and damp spells would be eco- 

 nomical, as well as very beneficial to the vigor of 

 the worms. But though no expensive fixtures or 

 scientific processes and rules are necessary for suc- 

 cess, and still less for beginners, it will not be less 

 interesting to know what art and science have 

 done, and can do, in overcoming every natural de- 

 fect o!' climate, and source of disease and loss la 

 the feeding insects. — Ed. F. R,] 



From the Aniericaa Silk Grower. 



[The system of rearing silk-worms, recently 

 matured in France by Beauvais and D'Arcei, 

 shows the devices to which the climate of that 

 country makes it necessary to resort in order to 

 insure success. In publishing the description of 

 it, we think it proper to state that we do not, by 

 any means, consider the whole of the arrange- 

 ments described, required in our superior climate, 

 A perusal of" the details may, however, afford 

 some valuable suggestions to those possessing co- 

 cooneries or intending to erect them. Silk-worms 

 undoubtedly succeed best when kept at a unilbrm 

 and pretty high temperature, say about 74° Fah- 

 renheit, and times occur, even in our climate, when 

 the natural heat of the atmosphere, especially of 

 mornings and evenings, falls lower than is desira- 

 ble. Under these circumstances it is very advan- 

 tageous to have some convenient mode ol" diffus- 

 ing heat through the cocoonery, lor which purpose 

 a furnace and air-chamber may be established in 

 the basement or cellar beneath, either directly in 

 the middle, or at one side or end with flues con- 

 ducted under the floor, in which apertures may be 

 made at suitable disiances to let the warm air into 

 the apartment. This may be ettecled without re- 

 course 10 that multitude of holes recommended by 

 D'Arcef, the sizes ol" which are regulaied upon 

 mathematical principles. In an apartment 25 or 

 30 lijet long, eight or ten holes, of moderate size, 

 may suffice. Instead of holes and flues above to 

 lead ofl" the air into a chimney, we would allow 

 the warm air to rise, as it naturally will, into the 

 garret, and then escape ilirough apertures or ven- 

 tilators in the roof We prefer cocooneries one 

 story high. — Ed. yJm. Silk Groxoer.'] 



The great profits afforded by the silk culture in 

 the southern provinces of France as we'l as in, 

 other places, had led to repeated attempts to intitr* 



