426 



FARMERS' REGISTER 



Feb. 24. — Planted, this day, broad Windsor 

 beans over the hills prepared for egg plants; — plant- 

 ed over the broad beans, spinach, radish, cress, and 

 lettuce, all oC which did very well, and were ott' 

 the ground belbre the beans required hoeing. 

 The beans grevv to their usual size, but were not 

 so prolific as ihey are in England. 



Fronfi May lllh to 20ih, turned out egg plants 

 rrom potP into the prepared hills, amidst the broad 

 beans. The beans were off the ground liom the 

 15th to the 20ih ol'June, and were a protection to 

 the egg plants from the severe storms and cold 

 weather of 28ih May to 5ih June. About the 

 middle of August, sowed turnips, in drills, be- 

 tween the eggs, and some ol' them made veiy fair 

 roots. 



Marchlth. — Prepared hills four feet apart for 

 tomatoes and Lima beans, with half a bushel of 

 old horse manure in each ; labelled the hills to find 

 them again ; planted peas in drills nor/A and south, 

 close by the hills for tomatoes and beans. 



jlpril 22 to May 10. — Turned out tomatoes 

 from pots into ihe prepared hills by the peas. I 

 placed a pole in each hill lor tomatoes and Lima 

 beans, at the time of making the hill, and tied the 

 tomato to the pole as you would a dahlia. Plant- 

 ed Lima beans under a sash, on the 27ih of April, 

 and transplanted them into the hills by ihe peas on 

 the 14; h of May. The peas were of great service 

 to the beans and tomatoes during the cold weather 

 and storms above alluded to ; the peas were ofl 

 the ground from the 10th to the 20th of June. In 

 hoeing the Lima beans and tomatoes, 7 trenched 

 between them for celery ! which I transplanted 

 from its nursery bed the first week in August. 

 The Lima beans were off the ground from the 1st 

 to the lOih of September. 1 think the beans were 

 decidedly favorable to it lor the first fifteen to twen- 

 ty days. I have never found the Lima bean to 

 grow, or even ripen, much after the 10th of Sep- 

 tember. The celery between the rows of toma- 

 toes was very poor, as I found it impossible to 

 confine the tomatoes to the poles, and they shaded 

 it too much. 



When gathering my vegetables, I selected 

 those nearest the second crop, to give it the benefit 

 of all the light and air I could. I kept constantly 

 growing in pots, melons, corn, cabbages, &c., 

 and ihe moment I cleared the groimd of even one 

 hill of corn and potatoes, or any thing else, a pot 

 of some other vegetable was turned into its place. 



No one must attempt the three crops without 

 good ground made better by rich old manure. I 

 have this day tomatoes on my vines as large as a 

 pigeon's egg ; melons, egg plants, &c., equally as 

 ibrward. My early cedo mulli peas are all off the 

 grcmnd to day, and late ntelons (rom pots take their 

 place. Some of my early dahlias blossomed last 

 week, the flowers large, and colors as brilliant as 

 those later in the. season. 



Yours, truly, L. Vaughan. 



Williamsburg, L. L, June, 1840. 



PROPER RKGARD TO, AND MANAGKMENT OF 



SLAVES. 



From tiie Carolina Planter. 

 Fairfield District, July 2, 1840. 

 Dr. R. TV. Gibbes — I have read with much in- 

 terest your valuable journal ever since ite first ap- 



pearance, and find myself more and more pleased 

 with it, from the fact that much useful knowledge 

 may be culled liom it, and particularly by inexpe- 

 rienced young planters. And many valuable hints 

 are conveyed through iis columns, which would 

 otherwise lie dormant and useless, and perish with 

 their originator — a state of things much to be re- 

 gretted where so much infbrntation upon small as 

 well as larger ntatters is requisite in the multifa- 

 rious duties of the planter and husbandman. 



While others, abundantly more competent than 

 myself, are discussing the more weighty matters, 

 and not only endeavoring, but succeeding in ele- 

 vating the character of the tillers of the soil, the 

 mainspring of all occupations — I feel a disposition 

 to throw in my mite upon a subject too much ne- 

 glected, but one of infinite magnitude, and preg- 

 nant with evil ; so much so, that inadequate as I 

 may feel -myself to be I have no doubt but that I 

 may cause the guilty to blush — I mean a proper 

 regard to, and management of slaves. 



There are, in ail concerns of life, extremes much 

 to be regretted and avoided ; and to an alarming 

 extent is this the case in not using a proper, close, 

 uncompromising discipline over negroes, keeping 

 in mind at all times the line of distinction between 

 master and servant, and prohibiting entirely the 

 association of any and all white persons from inter- 

 course with them who do not observe the same rule 

 rigidly, and all innovations to said rule should be 

 learlessly, instantly, and promptly punished. Up- 

 on the otiier hand, however, there are many, very 

 many weighty responsibilities due from masters to 

 slaves — and it is a source of just satisfaction to the 

 exalted citizens of our own state, and (he south 

 generally, to know that many of these obligations 

 they daily acquit themselves of most honorably, 

 as in the daily allowance of food, clothing, and 

 comfortable cabins — and of at least paramount im- 

 portance, only a moderate service is required, all 

 of which, in the eye of the humane, or even judi- 

 cious owner, are necessary, scrupulously so, /or 

 his own advancement, if not to satisly the risings 

 of a benevolent heart — which is, with but few ex- 

 ceptions, ihe prompter to good deeds. But there 

 are exceptions to this rule ol'conduct, which deserve 

 our attention and action, from ite source being dia- 

 metrically opposed to both the laws of Gon, and 

 man, and to reason, common sense, and sell-inter- 

 est. The more to be regretted, too, from the lact 

 that such inhuman owners of slaves frequently 

 perturb whole neighborhoods, and inflict, measura- 

 bly, disgrace upon whole districts, yea, states: an 

 instance in confirmation of my position, I will ofier. 

 A gentleman is travelling through Fairfield dis- 

 trict, and discovers, on the Sabbath or Lord's day, 

 20 or 30 negroes in the fields in the performance 

 of their daily labor, cotton gins, screws, and wa- 

 gons, all running — he is a perlect stranger, knows 

 no one, and of course knows not who to blame. In 

 mixed company this may become the subject of 

 conversg^lion, and a benevolent, humane slavehold- 

 er may chance to have his feelings tortured inno- 

 cently ; but being a resident ofthe district in ques- 

 tion, cannot deny it, to his sorrow, and to the 

 shame of the perpetrator. And worst of all, it 

 exerts a powerful and baneful influence upon the 

 morals of the young and rising generation, and 

 should be suppressed at all hazards. 



I regret to say that I know large slaveholders 

 and otherwise honorable men, who, I believe, lised 



