FARMERS' REGISTER 



427 



and clothe well, hut who do exact too rigidly from 

 their slaves— as the perlbrmance of all errands is 

 done at night, such as the errands to the store, 

 blacksmith's shop ; and with son:ie the labor of 

 packing cotton, &c., and as before remarked, they 

 exact Irom them the Sabbath, the day given them 

 by their Maker for the best and wisest of purposes, 

 for religious observance, and in which they may 

 recover from the exhaustion and fatigue incurred 

 from 6 days of labor in a hot, melting sun. The 

 penal statutes of our state should be enforced, but 

 a mistaken delicacy interferes, and they escape the 

 laws : but most certainly they are a mock, a by- 

 word and reproach, and justly deserve the indigna- 

 tion of all who treat their slaves as their great Au- 

 thor designs, neither deserving the name of plant- 

 er, patriot, or statesman, and should never be nor 

 indeed are they esteemed by those. But standing 

 guilty before that tribunal which has said, " Ser- 

 vants be subject to your masters with all fear, not 

 only to the good and gentle, but also to the fro- 

 vvard ; and also, masters give unto your servants 

 that which is just and equal, knowing that ye also 

 have a Master in heaven." 



My strictures, Mr. Editor, may be thought to 

 cut too close, but should the shoe fit let it be worn. 

 You may, however, think them out of place, if so, 

 please to exercise your own discretion in their use, 

 and the writer will be satisfied. 



A Young Planter. 



JOURNAL OF A RECENT VISIT TO THE PRINCI- 

 PAL VINEYARDS OF SPAIN AND FRANCE J 



Giving a minute account of the difFerent mettiods pursued in tlie 

 cultivation of tlie vine and the manufacture of wine, witli a 

 catalogue of the diflerent varieties of grape ; an attempt to 

 calculate the profits of cultivating the vine ; au estimate of 

 the profits of Malaga fruits, &c.* 



By James Busby, esq. 



Preface by the editor of the first London edition. 



It is singular that among the many books on 

 wines now existing, there is scarcely one to which 

 a person in search of sound practical information 

 can profitably refer. These books appear to have 

 been chiefly written by amateurs and theorists, 

 vvliose acquaintance with their subject had either 

 been entirely formed over their " wine and wal- 

 nuts," or who, with but slight reference to facts, 

 had taken their opinions on trust from the conjec- 

 tures of those who had preceded them. But the 

 conjectures and speculations of persons who have 

 never visited a wine country, or who have only 



* From the timo this work first came into our pos- 

 session it was designed to reprint the whole, in the 

 Farmers' Register, as soon as so much spare space 

 could be allowed. We had at first thought merely to 

 extract the parts relating to vines and wine, omitting 

 all other connecting passages on other subjects. But 

 by such omissions, not much even in space would have 

 been gained, and more would have been lost in the in- 

 terest of the Journal, and its value as an entire work. 

 It is therefore given entire, with the exception of the 

 author's preface, and the appendix.— Ed. F. R. 



hurried through one in the diligence, are alike bar- 

 ren of information and entertainment ; and thus it 

 often happens that treatises upon wines are about 

 the driest of all reading. They have neither the 

 grace of fiction nor the utiliiy of truth. 



The little volume here presented to the public 

 we have no hesitation in ranking in a very diH'er- 

 ent class. The author, possessing an intelligent 

 and inquiring mind, and carrying along with him 

 a distinct and practical purpose, pursues his way 

 over a tract of the finest wine country in Europe, 

 and notes down his observations and the result of 

 his inquiriesj%« a plain, brief, intelligible and in- 

 teresting manner. If 'wine countries were often 

 visited in^is way, and only facts judiciously de- 

 tailed, we should nftt find, as we do at present, 

 books on wines to be for the most part mere per- 

 petuations of error ; but each writer, adding his 

 careful gleaning of facts to those of his predeces- 

 sors, all the information on this topic which is of 

 public interest or utility would speedily be accu- 

 mulated. 



It is only necessary to add, that besides the au- 

 thor's valuable and accurate remarks on the culti- 

 vation and manufacture of wines, the journal con- 

 tains some useful observations on the culture of 

 the olive and other fruits, and on Spanish and 

 French agriculture generally. The work, as will 

 be seen by the author's preface, was originally 

 published in New South VVales, where Mr. Busby 

 is now settled. The present edition is, therefore, 

 a reprint, with the view of introducing the book to 

 a more extended circle of readers. 



London, June 28, 1834. 



Tables of Spanish Weights, Measures, and 

 Moneys. 



4 Arrobas 

 1 Quintal 



5 Fanegas 

 27 Varas of Castile 

 1 Aranzada 



WEIGHTS. 



1 Quintal. 



102;^ lbs. English. 



MEA3TTRES. 



6 Arrobas mayores 25 galls. English old measure. 

 1 Buttof wine contains 30 Arrobas mayores. 

 13 Arrobas menores 39 galls. Eng. old measure. 

 1 Pipe of oil contains 34 Arrobas menores. 

 25 Arrobas mayores 32 Arrobas menores. 

 1 Quarter English. 

 25 Yards English. 

 1 Acre Enghsh. 



MONEYS. 



Piastre ^ 



20 Reals Vellon > 1 hard dollar. 

 lOf Reals Plate ) 



9C|= In this edition, the author's calcnlations in Bri- 

 tish currency have been reduced to United States cur- 

 rency, at 0i 75 the pound sterling. 



JOURNAL, &C. 



3fonday, 26th September, 1831. — Having em- 

 barked at London on the 6th of the present month, 

 \ this day landed at C:idiz. I had here the good 

 fortune to meet with ])r. Wilson, an English gen- 

 tleman, to whom I had brought a letter ofiiiiroduc- 

 tion ; and as he was about to return to the house 

 of his brother, an extensive wine merchant of 

 ^Leres de la Frontera, I accepted his invitation to 

 accompany him to that place, on Wednesday 

 next. 



28/A September. — At three o'clock (his day, I ac- 

 cordingly joined Dr. Wilson in hiring a passage- 



