760 



FARMERS' RfiGISTfiR. 



The above is merely an abstract of Mr. Bull's 

 fable, comprising merely the woods in most com- 

 mon use anion<^ us. The last column exhibits the 

 relative value of a cord, according to the heal 

 which each affords. Thus, il' hickory is worth 

 one dollar, pig nut hickory is worih 95 cents, hard 

 maple 60, white oak 81 cents, white pine 42 cents, 

 pitch pine 43 cents, &c. 



We will now exhibit, in tabular form, the rela- 

 tive value of coals, by the same standard, merely 

 remarking, that a ton of anthracite coal is consi- 

 dered about equal to a cord of shell bark hickory. 



Economy of Burning. 



Mr. Bull's experiments were made in a sheet 

 iron stove, with 42 feet of two inch pipe, having 

 about 20 elbows. A thermometer placed at the 

 mouth of this pipe indicated the same temperature 

 as another hung against the wall of the room, 

 which showed that all the heat given oH' by the 

 combustion of the fuel, was retained in the room. 

 On the supposition that 100 lbs. of fuel, consumed 

 in this stove, would maintain a temperatuie of 60 

 degrees for 12 hours, he found, that to maintain 

 the like temperature for the same time, by other 

 apparatus the fuel must be increased as Ibllows : 

 In the experiment stove it required - - lbs. 100 

 In the sheet iron cylinder stove, the interior 

 surface coated with clay lute, with nine 

 elbow joints, and 13^ (eet 012 inch pipe, 105 

 In a like stove and pipe, with 3 elbow joints, 122 

 in a like stove, and similar pipe and joints, 

 but the pipe placed more vertical than 

 the preceding, .--_.--. 128 

 In a like stove, with 5 feet of pipe and one 



elbow, ---------- 149 



In a like stove, without clay lute, one el- 

 bow, and five leet of four inch pipe, 222 

 In an open Franklin, with one elbow, and 



five feet of six inch pipe, - . . . 270 

 In an open ordinary parlor grate, - - 555 



In an open chimney fire place, - - . 1,000 

 It would seem from these experiments, that 

 ninetenths of the heat given off by fuel burnt in an 

 ordinary fire-place, are carried off in the draff. 



without benefiting the room ; that nearly one- 

 half is wasted when the fuel is consumed in an 

 open parlor grate, and that lining a stove with fire 

 brick, or clay lute, produces a great economy in 

 fliel. 



The experiments afford important suggestions 

 to the housekeeper. Assuming as data, that four 

 cords of dry shell-bark hickory, burnt in a sh^et 

 iron cylinder stove, with five leet of pipe and one 

 elbow will warm an ordinary room during the. 

 winter months, it will require to keep up the like 

 temperature, in a similar stove, the following quan- 

 tities of other materials : 



Hickory, as stated - 



White oak, - - - 



Hard maple, - - - 



Soft maple, - - - 



Pitch pine, - - - 



W^hile pine, - - - 



Anthracite eoal, - - 



THE ARMY ■WORM. 



From the Picayune. 



Mr. Editor, — Having seen in your interesting 

 hebdomadal a request that some one of your coun- 

 try readers would favor you with a quantity of the 

 caterpillar or army-worm, I accordingly send you 

 a number of these voracious and destructive worms 

 alive, and a few of the aurelia or chrysalis, being 

 the change that the caterpillar undergoes previous 

 to its metamorphosis into the moth or butterfly. I 

 also send you a cotton stalk, that you may see how 

 completely these worms strip the plant oi'its leaves, 

 blossoms, buds, and young bolls or pods. 



I put a number of the chrysalis in a glass shade, 

 which were in a few days translbrmrd into a dirty 

 brown-colored, mealy-winged moth, somewhat 

 similar in appearance to the moth commonly 

 called the miller. Tlie^e moths are believed to de- 

 posiie their eggs on the reverse of the leaf The 

 young worm at first is not thicker than a fine nee- 

 dle. It eats a e.mall portion of the under part of 

 the leaf around it, without penetrating through. 

 Having acquired strength, it ascends the upper 

 side of the lealj devouring every part, with the ex- 

 ception of the fibres, as you will see by the accom- 

 panying plant. While the myriads are engaged 

 in their work of destruction, a sickly, somewhat 

 fcelid smell exhales, and a noise is heard like a 

 gentle rain, caused by the Ibrcep-shaped mouths 

 of the intruders devouring their food, and their 

 excrements pattering on the leaves in their descent. 

 The latter are so abundant that the ground under 

 the plant is discolored. 



Having heard that the plantations of my neigh- 

 bors had been overrun \vith this scourge a sfiort 

 lime before I perceived any signs, I flattered my- 

 self that I would escape ; but going one morning 

 into the field, I found it literally covered, and a 

 i'e\y days sufficed to strip it entirely. Desirous of 

 discovering the means of destroying tlie worm or 

 arresting its ravages, I caused a quantity of roll- 

 brimstone to be pulverized, and a spoonful put 

 around the root of forty or fifty plants, thinking 

 that the deleterious principle would be absorbed 

 by the plant, and cause the worm to abandon it. 

 This was attended with no eflfect. I caused two 

 or three to be fumigated, but the worms remained 



