'Jii hiKi.i) Mam Ai. 



■U. I'itli •■)-angie(l. twigs glabrous or si mu-w luit pubes- 

 cent, reddish or yellowish-brown. Castanea. (oO). 



■U. Pith cylindrical; visible bud scales more than 8; 

 twigs glabrous or pubescent but not downy. 



Morus. (51). 



81. Pith cylindrical; visible bud scales 1-8, twigs downy. 

 grayish-green, bark very fibrous. Papyrius. (o:*, ). 



8-2. Pith interruptedly diaphragnied. with cavities, small, 

 greenish-white. Celtis. (oil). 



naked, elongated, tomentose; buds 



stalked, light gray; twigs zigzag. 



Hamamelis. (l', ). 



■ V-^. Terminal bud absent, the twig showing a terminal 



self-pruning- scar at the morphological tip; or ii' 



present then with scales; buds, not stalked. -U. 



84. Terminal bud present, long pointed; leaf scar narrow 



contracted between the bundle scars. 



Amelanchier. ( 25 ) . 



84. Terminal bud absent, or if present then the leaf scar 



oval or semicircular. 85. 



85. Twigs dark reddish-brown, speckled, often zigzag; 



buds reddish-violet, often superposed or clustered; 

 leaf scars not oblique but below the lateral bud. 



Cercis. (2!)). 



85. Twigs dark brown, not speckled; buds not su])eri)ose(l ; 

 leaf scars oblique. 8(1. 



8(3. Bark smooth, trunk and large branches with peculiar 

 fluted or projecting ridges; bud scales brown, 

 finely pubescent; staminate catkins in the bud in 

 winter. Carpinus. (57). 



8(i. Trunk not with fluted or projecting ridges. 87. 



■'•7. Piark of trunk scaling off like in the Sycamore; twigs 

 very slender; no catkin*;. Planera. (4!)). 



•■)7. P)ark in rough ridges; no catkins; twigs and bud> in 

 most cases pubescent; some si)ecies with character- 

 istic transverse self-])runing scars on the twigs, 

 others with corky ridges. Ulmus. (4S). 



