'>[ I'lKi.ii iMamai. 



Bark often li' in. thick. Wood light, hard, and stri)n-. 

 abounding in fragrant resin. Vrom the Pacitu- roast Man\ 

 varieties in cultivation. 



Subfamily, Juiiipcralac. 

 11. Juniperus L. Juniper. 

 Evergreen trees or shrul)s with naked l)uds, su])ula-tc or 

 scale-like leaves, one or both kinds on a tree, and with car- 

 l>ellate cones developing into a bluish-black lierry-like fruit. 

 Carpellate cones small, globose; plants usually diecious. 

 sometimes monecious. pungent aromatic: l)ark usuall.\- thin 

 and shreddy. 



1. Leaves all suljlate, prickly pointed, verticillate, slender. 



mostly straight; cones axillary-. /. connnitiiis. 

 1. Leaves of 2 kinds, scale-like and sul)ulate. opposite 



or verticillate ; cones terminal. J . c'ir(jiiii(i)hi. 



1. Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper. A biw 

 tree with spreading or drooping branches and shreddy bark. 

 Tioats are poisoned from eating the leaves. On dry hills. X. 

 S. to .Alaska, south to X. J., Ohio, Mich., Xeb.. and in the 

 Rocky Arts, to X". ATex. Also in Europe and Asia. 



2. Juniperus virginiana L. Red Juniper. .\ tree, with 

 spreading often irregular l)ranches when old. but conic in 

 shape when young. Self-prunes twigs. Wood very valuable, 

 light, straight-grained, durable, and fragrant: used for posts, 

 cabinet-work, interior finish, veneers, motii-iiroof chests and 

 cooperage, and almost exclusively in the manufacture of lead 

 pencils. Often infested with tli€ ''cedar apple." Poisonous to 

 goats. In dry soil; common on bluffs. N. R. to western ()nt. 

 and S. Dak., soutli to Ela. and Tex. 



Phylum, ANTHOPHYTA. 



Class, DICoT^'LAK. Dicotyls. 



Subclass, Thalamiflorak. 



Order. Raxales. 



.\fa(/i'.i>liaccac. ATagnolia Family. 



12 Magnolia L. .\Lignr)lia. 

 Shrubs or trees wth alternate, simple, entire leaves, not 

 truncate, and with complete stipular rings. 



