216 



ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY. 



[LESSON 63. 



mouths, but such experiments need confirmation at the hands of other 

 observers, before they can be received as true. 



942. The human Ileum is chiefly remarkable for the number of 

 solitary and agmenated glands there found. The former are in every 

 respect like the latter, except that they are scattered amongst the 

 villi singly, instead of being grouped in masses. 



943. These glands are rounded, flattened organs, always found 

 along that surface of the intestine which is opposite to the mesen- 

 tery. The " Peyer's patches " of these glands increase in size as 

 they approach the coecum, and attain their greatest dimensions just 

 within the iliac portion of the valve which separates the ileum from 

 the coscum ilio-coecal valve. 



944. Each gland of a Peyer's patch is round, somewhat hemis- 

 pherical, but slightly flattened at the top ; no vessels have been de- 

 tected in them, except in the preparation of the Calf (Fig. 386), 

 where, it is supposed either that the gland was in some peculiar con- 

 dition, or that the form of injection used (Bi-chromate of potash) 

 ran more minutely than usual ; most likely the latter. 



945. They contain a thickish gray matter, with which there is 

 but little fluid, and a number of nucleated cells, of round form, to- 

 gether with an abundance of free nuclei A figure of the aggregated 

 glands (Fig. 340) is given ; the glands are seen at a, and the villi of 

 the intestine at b. 



946. These glands are particularly liable to take on disease in 



typhoid fever, and patients are frequently con- 

 valescent of the fever, and yet die of Typhoid 

 Peyerian glands. When this disease supervenes, 

 the glands firstly ulcerate, and subsequently 

 slough off, destroying at last the walls of the in- 

 testine when the 

 patient dies. 



A figure of 

 typhoid Peyerian 

 glands, copied from 

 a preparation, is 

 here given, (Fig. 

 341.) The healthy 

 villi of the intes- 

 tine are seen at a; 

 ^^___. at their bases lie 



A "Fever's patch ."from ,-,., T , * -i /7\ i i , i 



the ileum, human. the follicles of Leiberkuhn (0), whilst a large 



FIG. 340. 



FIG. 841. 



Typhoid Peyerian glands, human. 



