PROPERTIES AND COMPOSITION OF THE URINE. 375 



quantities of its different constituents, excreted in twenty-four hours, have 

 been given when practicable. 



COMPOSITION OF THE HUMAN URINE. 



Water (in 24 hours, 27 to 50 fluidounces, 800 to 1,480 c. c. Becquerel) . . 967-47 to 940-36 



Urea (in 24 hours, 355 to 463 grains, 23 to 30 grammes Robin) 15-00 " 23-00 



Uric acid, accidental, or traces '. 



Sodium urate, neutral and acid ~] (In 24 hours. 6 to 9 grs., 0-39 



Ammonium urate, neutral and acid (in 



small quantity) t . 



Potassium urate 



Calcium urate . . , 



to 0-58 gramme, of uric acid 

 Becquerel or 9 to 14 grs., 

 0-58 to 0-9 gramme, of urates, 

 estimated as neutral urate of 



Magnesium urate ..................... J soda) ..................... I'OO " 1-60 



Sodium hippurate. . . } (In 34 hours,about 75 grs., 0-486 gramme, 



Potassium hippurate ...... I of hl PPuric acid-Thudichum-equivalent 



Calcium hippurate ....... to about 8 ' 7 "" ' 566 S ramme ' * sodium 



J hippurate) ............................ 1-00 " 1-40 



Sodium lactate ......... 1 



Potassium lactate ........ I (Daily quantity not estimated) ......... 1-50 " 2-60 



Calcium lactate .......... J 



Creatine ................ ) (In 24 hours, about 11-5 grains, 0-745 



Creatinine ............... ) gramme, of both Thudichum) ......... 1-60 " 3-00 



Calcium oxalate (daily quantity not estimated) ....................... traces " 1*10 



Xanthine ...................... ................................. not estimated. 



Margarine, oleine and other fatty matters ........... . ................ 0*10 to 0-20 



Sodium chloride (in 24 hours, about 154 grains, 10 grammes Robin) . . . 3-00 " 8-00 



Potassium chloride ................................................ traces. 



Ammonium chloride .......... . .................................... 1-50 to 2*20 



"j (In 24 hours, 23 to 38 grains, 1-5 to 2-5 



grammes, of sulphuric acid Thudichum. 

 Sodium sulphate ......... I Abouf . ^^ parts Qf ^.^ gulphate and 



Potassium sulphate ...... > potassium sulphate-Robin-equivalent to 



Calcium sulphate (traces).. ^ to 3? . 5 ^.^ 1>45 to ^ grammes 



J of each) ............................... 3-00 " 7-00 



Sodium phosphate, neutral ) (Daily . not estimated) ......... 2 . 50 4 . 30 



Sodium phosphate, acid . . ) 



Magnesium phosphate (in 24 hours, 7*7 to 11*8 grains, 0*5 to 0*768 



gramme Neubauer) .............................. . ........... 0'50 " 1*00 



Calcium phosphate, acid . . ) (In 24 hours, 4*7 to 5'7 grains, 0-307 to 



Calcium phosphate, basic.. ) 0-372 gramme Neubauer) ............... 0-20 " 1*30 



Ammonio-magnesian phosphate (daily quantity not estimated) ......... 1-50 " 2-40 



(Daily excretion of phosphoric acid, about 56 grains, 3-629 grammes 



Thudichum.) 

 Silicic acid ..................................................... ... 0-03 " 0-04 



Urochrome .............. ) . 10 



Mucus from the bladder . . ) 



1,000-00 1,000-00 

 Proportion of solid constituents, 32*63 to 59'89 parts per 1,000. 



Gases of the Urine. (Parts per 1,000, in. volume.) 



Oxygen in solution ........... ...................................... 0-90 to 1-00 



Nitrogen in solution .............................................. 7-00 " 10-00 



Carbon dioxide in solution . . -45 " 50-00 



