ULMACEAE. 21 



3. M. rubra L. Tree becoming 20 m. tall, ■with early glabrous twigs: leaf- 

 blades ovate to oval-ovate, 6-20 em. long, softly pubescent beneath: staminate 

 spikes 4-8 cm. long: fruits eylindric, 3-6 cm. long, deep-red or purplish. 



The Red-mulberry grows in rich woods and hammoclts nearly throughout 

 Florida. The dark-yellow or light-orange heart-wood is coarse-grained, light, soft, 

 and rather tough. {Cont.) 



2. PAPYEIUS Lam. Trees with smoothish bark. Leaves deciduous: 

 blades serrate, often lobed. Staminate flowers in eylindric spikes, with 4 

 sepals and 4 stamens. Pistillate spikes globose: calyx 4-lobed: stigma 1, 

 elongated. Fruit globular, each achene protruding from the persistent calyx. 



1. P. papyrifera (L.) Kuntze. Tree, resembling the mulberry, sometimes 15 

 m. tall, with hirsute-tomentose twigs: leaf -blades ovate, S-16 cm. long: fruit 

 globular, 2-3 cm. in diameter, the protruding achenes reddish or orange. — Spr, 



The Paper- jiuLBERRY grows in fields and woods and on roadsides nearly through- 

 out nni-theru and peninsular Florida. Nat. from Asia. The whitish heart-wood 

 is close-grained, light, and soft. {Coat., W. I.) 



3. FICTJS [Tourn.] L. Shrubs, trees, or vines, with smoothish bark. 

 Leaves mainly persistent: blades entire, toothed, or lobed. Flowers in hollow 

 receptacles, the staminate with a calyx of 2-6 sepals, or these obsolete, and 

 1-2 or rarely 3 stamens. Pistillate flowers numerous: style rather long: 

 stigma clavate, peltate, or 2-lobed. Fruit depressed-globular or elongate, the 

 achenes included. — The trees of the following species flower, more or less, 

 all year. — Fig. 



Leaf-blades lobed, very scabrous-pubescent. 1. F. Carica. 



Leaf-blades entire, smooth and glabrous. 



Receptacles pedunculate : leaf-blades usually broad-based. 2. F. Iirrrifolicu 



Receptacles sessile : leaf-blades usually narrow-based. 3. F. aurea. 



1. F. Carica L. Tree 2-5 m. tall, or shrub, with pubescent twigs: leaf -blades 

 palmately 5-7-lobed; petioles pubescent: fruits obovoid, 2-8 cm. long. 



The CoMMOX-FiG, a native of the Mediterranean region, has escaped from 

 gardens, in many parts of Florida. The light-yellow wood is coarse-grained, spongy,, 

 light and soft but somewhat elastic. (Cont., IF. 7.) 



2. F. brevifolia Nutt. Tree sometimes 15 m. tall or shrub, with glabrous 

 twigs: leaf -blades ovate-oval or rarely obovate, 3-10 cm. long, mainly roundedi 

 or cordate at the base: fruits subglobose, 2-2.5 cm. in diameter. 



The Wild-fig grows in hammocks in tropical peninsular Florida and the Keys. 

 The yellow or yellow-brown wood is close-grained and soft, but rather durable. 

 (W. /.) 



3. F. aurea Nutt. Tree, often starting as a vine, becoming 20 m. tall, with 

 glabrous twigs: leaf -blades oblong, elliiitie, or oval, 3-10 cm. long, acute or 

 short-acuminate at the base: fruits spheroidal or obovoid, about 2 cm. in 

 diameter. 



The Golden-fig grows in hammocks in subtropical and tropical peninsular 

 Florida and the Keys. The light-brown wood is coarse-grained, very light, soft, and 

 weak. (IV. I.) 



Family 2. ULMACEAE. Elm Family. 



Shrubs or trees, the sap watery. Leaves alternate: blades inequi- 

 lateral, commonly toothed. Flowers perfect, polygamous, or monoecious, 

 variously disposed. Calyx of 4 or 5, or rarely 3-9 partially united sepals. 

 Androecium of usually as many stamens as there are sepals. Gynoecium 

 of 2 united carpels. Fruit a samara or a drupe, or nut-like. 



Fruit dry, a samara, or nut-like : embryo straight. 



Flowers mostly perfect: fruit a samara winged all around. 1. Flmts. 



Flowers polygamo-monoecious : fruit nut-like, bearing wart-like 



