22 ULMACEAE. 



Fruit pulpy, a drupe : embryo with conduplicate cotyledons. 



Flowers solitary or merely clustered in the axils : drupe solitary. 3. Celtis. 



Flowers in dichotomous cymes : drupes cymosely disposed. 4. Tkema. 



1. ULMUS [Tourn.] L. Shrubs or trees, with furrowed bark and some- 

 times winged branches. Leaves deciduous: blades toothed. Calyx campanu- 

 late. Ovary sessile or nearly so, glabrous, sometimes pubescent. Samara 

 orbicular to oblong. — Winter & spr. — Elm. 



Flowers long-stalked : samara ciliate : leaves smooth or nearly so. 



Branches corky-winged : samaras narrow. 1. V. alata. 



Branches not corky-winged : samaras broad. 



Samaras oval or obovate, with narrow converging tips. 2. V. americana. 

 Samaras orbicular or orbicular-ovate, with liroad erect tips. 3. U. floridana. 

 Flowers sessile or nearly so : samara eciliate : leaves very rough 



above. 4. U. fulva. 



1. U. alata Michx. Tree becoming 20 m. tall, the branches often corky 

 winged: leaf -blades narrowly elliptic or oblong-elliptic, or rarely broader, 

 2-10 cm. long, typically smooth above; petioles 1.5-3 mm. long: calyx deeply 

 lobed: samara elliptic, 6-8 mm. long, long-stipitate, the wings pubescent and 

 long-ciliate. 



The Wahoo grows in rich soil, chiefly near streams in northern Florida and 

 In the peninsula to the Everglade region. The brown heart-wood is close-grained, 

 heavy, hard, and tough but not otherwise strong. Also known as Winged-elm. 

 iCont.) 



2. U. floridana Chapm. Tree becoming 20 m. tall, the branches not corky- 

 winged, the twigs glabrous: leaf -blades mainly oblong, oval, or ovate, 3-12 

 em. long, mostly smooth above; petioles 6-10 mm. long: calyx shallowly lobed: 

 samara ovate, 11-13 mm. long, short-stipitate, the wings merely long-ciliate. 



The Florida-elji grows in swamps and on river-banks in western Florida and 

 in the northern portion of the peninsula. The wood has not yet been studied. {Cont.) 



3. U. americana L. Tree becoming 40 m. tall, the branches not corky-winged, 

 the twigs typically pubescent: leaf -blades oval to ovate, 5-10 cm. long, some- 

 times rough-pubescent above; petioles 4-7.5 mm. long: flower-clusters lax: 

 ■calyx shallowly lobed: samara oval or obovate, 10-12 mm. long, the wings 

 merely long-ciliate. 



The WiiiTE-ELir grows in low grounds and on river hanks in northern Florida. 

 ,and in the peninsula to the Everglade region. The brown heart-wood is coarse- 

 grained, heavy, hard, tough, and strong. Also known as American-elm. (Cont.) 



4. TJ. fulva Michx. Tree becoming 25 m. tall, the twigs densely pubescent, 

 the inner bark mucilaginous: leaf -blades ovate-oval or obovate, 8-19 cm. long, 

 Tough-pubeseent on both sides: flower-clusters dense: samara suborbicular, 

 14-17 mm. in diameter, finely pubescent, ciliate. 



The SLirPEEY-ELM grows in rich woods in western Florida. TTie reddish-brown 

 heart-wood is very close-grained, heavy, hard, strong, and durable. Also known as 

 Red-elm. (Cont.) 



2. PLANERA J, F. Gmel. Trees, with scaly bark. Leaves deciduous: 

 blades toothed. Calyx campanulate. Ovary short-stipitate, tubercular. Kut- 

 like fruit irregularly warty. 



1. P. aquatica (Walt.) J. P. Gmel. Tree becoming 12 m. tall: leaf-blades 

 ovate or elliptic-ovate, 3-8 em. long, serrate or crenulate-serrate, short- 

 petioled: calyx lobes ovate, obtuse: fruits ovoid, about 1 cm. long, short- 

 stalked, the processes soft. — Spr. 



The Water-elm grows in river swamps in northern Florida. The light-brown 

 heart-wood is close-grained, light, soft, and weak. (Cont.) 



3. CELTIS [Tourn.] L. Unarmed shrubs or trees, the bark often warty. 

 Leaves deciduous: blades entire or toothed, very inequilateral. Calyx rotate, 

 the lobes much longer than the tube. Stigmas 2, entire. Drupe subglobose. 

 — Spr. 



