SIMAROUBACEAE. 55 



those oi3posite the petals more or less reduced. Gynoecium of 5 distinct 

 carpels opposite the petals. Ovules 2, side by side. Fruit achene-like. 



1. SURIANA [Phun.] L. Shrubs with erect stems or trees with wide- 

 spreading brauches, the bark flaky. Leaves numerous, fleshy. Fruits seated in 

 the persistent calyx. 



1. S. maritima L. Shrub or tree 8 dm. tall, the wood very hard and heavy: 

 leaves fleshy, appressed-pubescent, approximate ; blades liuear-spatulate, 1.5-4 

 cm. long: sepals ovate, 6-8 mm. long: petals yellow, about as long as the sepals: 

 mature carpels 4-4.5 mm. long. — All year. 



The Bay-cedar grows on sand dunes and in coastal hammocks in southern 

 peninsular Florida and on the Florida Keys. The reddish-brown heart-wood is 

 close-grained, heavy, and hard. (IT. /.) 



Family 4. SIMAROUBACEAE. Quassia Family. 



Shrubs, trees, or rarely herbs. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite: 

 blades pinnately compound, 1-3-foliolate or rarely simple. Flowers polyg- 

 amous, deciduous, or rarely perfect, solitary, spicate, racemose or panicu- 

 late. Calyx of 3-5 sepals. Corolla of 3-5 petals or wanting. Androecium 

 of as many stamens as there are sepals or twice as many, or rarely very 

 many. Gynoecium of 2-5 more or less united carpels. Ovary usually 

 lobed. Stigmas mostly introrse. Fruit a drupe or a samara, or baccate. 



Fruits drupaceous or baccate. 



Carpels becoming distinct, forming simple fruits : leaf-blades equally pinnate. 



1. SiMAROUBA. 



Carpels permanently united, forming a compound fruit : leaf- 

 blades unequally pinnate. 2. Picramnia. 

 Fruits samaroid. 



Petals present : stamens 10 : mature carpels separate. 3. Ailanthus. 



Petals wanting : stamens 5 : mature carpels united. 4. Alvaradoa. 



1. SIMAROUBA Aubl. Trees. Leaf -blades abruptly pinnate, the leaflets 

 thick. Flowers monoecious or dioecious, paniculate. Sepals 4 or 5, short. 

 Petals 4 or 5, imbricate, much larger than the sepals. Stamens 8 or 10, each 

 with a fringed appendage at the base. Ovary 4-5-celled, lobed at the apex: 

 style very short. Fruit a cluster of 5, or fewer drupes, with the style-base 

 lateral. 



1. S. glauca DC. Tree sometimes 16 dm. tall: leaflets 6-12; blades oblong or 

 nearly so, 4-8 cm. long, entire: drupes oval, about 2 cm. long, scarlet or dark- 

 purple. — Spr. 



The Paradise-tree grows in coastal hammocks in the lower half of the pen- 

 insula, on the Everglade Keys and on the Florida Keys. The light-brown heart- 

 wood is close-grained, but light, soft, and weak. Also known as Bitterwood. (W.I.) 



2. PICRAMNIA Sw. Shrubs or trees. Leaf -blades unequally pinnate, 

 the leaflets thickish. Flowers dioecious, spicate or racemose. Sepals 3-5, 

 short. Petals 3-5, imbricate or wanting. Stamens 3-5, unappendaged. Ovary 

 2-3-celled, not lobed: style very short. Fruit a berry. 



1. P. pentandra Sw. Small tree or shrub: leaflets 5-7; blades elliptic to 

 oblong-elliptic, or rarely ovate, 5-10 cm. long, lustrous above: berries oblong, 

 10-15 mm. long. — Spr. 



The BiTTER-nrsii grows in hammocks on the Everglade Keys and on the Florida 

 Keys. The brown heart-wood is close-grained, heavy, and hard. (W. I.) 



3. AILANTHUS Desf. Trees. Leaf-blades unequally pinnate, the leaf- 

 lets thin. Flowers polygamo-dioecious, paniculate. Sepals 5, short. Petals 5, 



