68 FEAXGULACEAE. 



cium of 2 or more united carpels. Ovary superior or nearly so. Fruit 

 a capsule or a berry, or drupaceous. 



Family 1. FRANGULACEAE. Buckthorn Family. 



Shrubs, trees, or vines. Leaf-blades simple, i:)innately veined. 

 Flowers perfect or polygamous, or sometimes dioecious. Calyx of 4 or 5 

 sepals. Corolla of 4 or 5 petals, or wanting. Androecium of 4 or 5 

 stamens opposite the petals. Gynoecium of 2 or 3 united carpels. Fruit 

 capsular or drupaceous, sometimes separating into nutlets. 



Fruits drupaceous, pulpy, the stone 1-3-celled. 



Sepals crested. 1. KKnciODEXDEOX. 



Sepals crestless. 2. Reynosia. 



Fruits dry or baccate, with 2-4 separating nutlets. 



Fruit fleshy : disk forming a hypanthium with the ovary 



seated in the bottom of it. 3. Rhamnus. 



Fruit dry : disk annular, the ovary immersed in it. 4. Colubeina. 



1. KRUGIODENDRON Urban. Shrubs or trees. Leaves nearly opposite : 

 blades entire. Flowers perfect. Sepals 5, crested within. Petals wanting. 

 Stamens 5: filaments longer than the anthers. Drupe apiculate. 



1, K, ferreum (Vahl) Urban. Tree becoming 9 m. tall, the bark ridged, or 

 shrub: leaf -blades ovate or oval, 3-6 cm. long: sepals ovate: drupes subglobose 

 or oval, 5-8 mm. long, black. [Bhmnnidium ferreum (Vahl) Sarg.] — Spr. 



The Black-ironwood grows in hammocks along the lower half of the east coast 

 and on the Everglade Keys and the Florida Keys. The orange-brown heart-wood is 

 close-grained, heavy, hard, and brittle. (TF. /.) 



2. KEYNOSIA Griseb. Shrubs or trees. Leaves opposite: blades entire. 

 Flowers perfect. Sepals 5, crestless. Petals wanting. Stamens 5: filaments 

 longer than the anthers. Drupe apiculate, 



1. R. septentrionalis Urban. Tree becoming 9 m. tall, the bark scaly: leaf- 

 blades oblong, varying to ovate or obovate: sepals deltoid or ovate-deltoid: 

 <lrupes subglobose, oval, or obovoid, 1.5-2 cm. long, purple or nearly black. 

 [E. latifolia Sarg. Not Griseb.] — Spr. & sum. 



The Red-ironwood grows in hammocks on the Everglade Keys and the Florida 

 Keys. The dark-brown heart-wood is close-grained, heavy and very hard. Also 

 known as Darling-plum. {Bah.) 



3. RHAMNTTS [Tourn.] L. Shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate: blades 

 entire or toothed, many-ribbed. Flowers perfect or polygamo-dioecious. Sepals 

 4 or 5, keeled within. Petals 4 or 5, commonly concave, clawless, shorter than 

 the sepals, or wanting. Stamens 4 or 5, included anthers acute. Drupe berry- 

 like, not lobed, with 3 or 4 nutlets. — Buckthorn. 



1, R. caroliniana Walt, Tree becoming 11 m. tall, or a shrub: leaf-blades 

 oblong or elliptic, or slightly obovate, 5-12 cm. long : calyx about 4 mm. broad : 

 petals about J as long as the sepals: drupes black, 10-11 mm. in diameter. 

 — Spr, 



The Indian-cheery grows in rich woods in middle and western Florida. The 

 light-brown heart-wood is close-grained, light, and hard. (Cont.) 



4. COLUBRINA L, C, Rich, Shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate: blades 

 entire or toothed, sometimes 3-nerved at the base. Flowers perfect. Sepals 5, 

 spreading, keeled within. Petals 5, folded around the stamens, clawless. 

 Stamens 5: anthers notched. Drupe slightly 3-lobed, the carpels separating 

 at least at the top. — Fall-spr. 



