Insects and Fungi Attacking Trees, Etc. 327 



be used in cases of large numbers of insects and 3 to 5 

 pounds if used with the Bordeaux or lime-sulphur solu- 

 tion. 



Pumps, etc., for Applying Insecticides and Fungicides 



For the application of insecticides and fungicides there 

 are a great many pumps, machines, and guns made, and any 

 of those made by reliable and long-established firms may 

 be relied upon to do good work if rightly handled. In every 

 case it is desirable, if possible, other things being equal, to 

 obtain a pump made as near home as possible, that parts 

 may be replaced or repairs be made in case of breakage, with 

 as little delay as possible. 



Nozzles 



The number of nozzles made for distributing insecticides 

 and fungicides is as great as that of pumps, and there are 

 many good ones. To do the best work the nozzle must 

 discharge a fine mist-spray that will settle upon the foliage 

 and other parts sprayed in very small particles and not 

 run off. The one that gives the finest spray without clogging 

 is the most satisfactory. The disk nozzles of which the 

 " Friend" is a type are now made by most pump makers, 

 and is generally found to be the best. The nozzle should be 

 attached to the pole or rod at an angle of 45 for the best 

 distribution of the spray material. 



To carry the spray to the tops of trees of medium height 

 the bamboo extension-rod or J-inch brass pipe from 6 to 10 

 feet long can be used with success, but in spraying very 

 tall ones the hose must be carried up into the tree and the 

 insecticides or fungicides distributed therefrom. With a 

 large pump worked by two men or a small engine two or 

 three streams may be thrown at once and the work be done 

 rapidly and cheaply. 



