COCOON OF THE GOLIATH BEETLE. 139 



was impossible to give it of the full size, it has been reduced, 

 and a common house-fly has been drawn upon it, so as to give 

 some idea of its real dimensions. One end of the cocoon is 

 broken so as to show the tips of the elytra and part of a tarsus. 

 The best mode of realizing the real dimensions of the cocoon is 

 to turn to Plate III. Fig. 1, on which the insect is shown of its 

 full size, and then to compare it with the size of the Beetle as 

 it appears within its cocoon. 



The smaller cocoon, or earth-ball, is the work of a Scarabreus. 



On Plate III. Fig. 2 is shown another example of the 

 Goliath Beetles, remarkable for the extreme development of the 

 head-horns. Its scientific name is Dicranocephalus Bmcringii, the 

 former of the two titles referring to the structure which has just 

 been mentioned. It is formed from three Greek words, the first 

 signifying "double," the second "a skull," and the third "a head." 



This singularly pretty Beetle is a native of China. The head- 

 horns are so curiously lengthened and curved that they much 

 resemble those of the stag, and, as is often the case with Beetles 

 in which there is a horn-like development of the head or 

 thorax, the female is destitute of these appendages, while in the 

 male they are exceedingly variable both in size and shape. 



The whole surface of the thorax and elytra is covered with a 

 very short, but very thick, yellowish green down, the ground 

 colour being black. This is shown in one or two places, such as 

 a belt round' the edge of the elytra, a short elevated streak on 

 the shoulder and at the tip, and a couple of rather long stripes 

 on the thorax. As the yellow down is easily removed by 

 friction, these bared portions look very much as if they had 

 been rubbed ; but on examination of a series of specimens we 

 find that the bare marks are always in the same places and 

 much of the same shape. Three species of the Dicranocephalus 

 are known. 



Our last example of the true Goliath Beetles is the Rham- 

 phorhina Petersiana, which is shown on Plate III. Pig. 3. 



The generic name PJiamjyJwrliina is formed from two Greek 

 words, which may signify either "beak-nosed" or "crooked- 

 nosed." There are many species of this genus, differing very 

 greatly in size, some being almost dwarfs, while others are com- 



