x LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



MATE PACING PAGE 



XI. The '"Silver-fish" or "Silver-lady" (Lcpisma saccharina) : greatly 

 enlarged (after Lubbock) — A Spriugtail (Papirius) : greatly 

 enlarged (after Lubbock) 60 



.Ml. Royal chamber (part of roof removed) and queen of West African 

 Warrior Termite (Termes bellicosus) — Soldier, Female (after 

 shedding wing.-;; and Worker of a species of Termite (reading 

 from left to right) — Winged Male of a species of Termite. 

 The figures on this plate are adapted from specimens and 

 drawings exhibited in the British Museum (Natural History) . G6 

 XI IT. "Cuckoo-spit"; caused by Philamus spumarius — Aphides or 



"Plant-lice" on a "Rose-bud (greatly magnified) ... 72 



XIV. Swallow-tail Butterfly (Papilio machaon) — Goliath Beetle (Golia- 



thus yiganteus) from West Africa, compared with a Seven-spot 

 Ladybird {Goccinella septempundata) ...... 85 



XV. Great Ox Gad-fly (Tabanus boviuus) : mag! lified — Crane-fly or 



" Daddy-Longlegs " Tipula oleracea — Forest-fly (Hippobosca 

 equina) : magnified — " Sheep-tick " or " Ked " (Melophagus 

 ovinus) : magnified — A Hover-fly (Syrphus pyrastri) : magnified 

 — Sleeping Sickness Tse-tse Fly (Glossina palpalis) : magnified . 93 

 XVI. Successive stages in leaf-rolling by the Birch Weevil {Rhynchites 



Id idee) 122 



XVII. Protective Resemblance: Oatocala sponsa with wings expanded, 



and in resting attitude on oak bark. Britain. (Coloured) . 126 

 XVIII. Lithinus nigrocristatus, from Madagascar — Protective cases formed 



by various species of Caddis- worm (Trichoptera) . . .129 



XIX. Protective Resemblance: Phyllium crurifolium (two females). 



Ceylon. (Coloured) 130 



XX. Stick-like Caterpillars of Swallow-tail Moth (Oarapteryx sambu- 



caria) — Tropical "Stick" Insects (Phasmidce) .... 131 



XXI. Caterpillars of Pine Beauty Moth (Panolis piniperda) resting 

 among needles of Scotch Pine — Caterpillar of Puss Moth 

 (Cerwra vinula) in resting attitude 133 



XXII. Pupae of Purple Emperor Butterfly (Apatura iris) hanging among 

 leaves of Sallow — Orange-tip Butterfly (Euchlo'e cardamines) 

 resting on inflorescence of Marsh Valerian .... 136 



XXIII. Convergent Mimicry : The figures (from above downward) repre- 



sent Melincea imitata (sub-family Itlwmiince), Heliconius tel- 

 chinia (sub-family Heliconiince), Dismorphia praxinoe, female 

 and male (family Pieridce). South America. (Coloured) . .154 



XXIV. Mimicry : Hypolimnas misippus, male (upper figure) and (to left) 



three females of the same species. To the right, the three 

 v.ainingly coloured models of the genus Lirnmaa. Eastern 

 Hemisphere. (Coloured) . . . . . . . .156 



