Through Ruanda to Lake Kiwu 47 



It explains, also, what to the uninitiated appears to be an error — 

 why the Resident in his own interests often lends his support to 

 the Sultan against subordinate chiefs, instead of assisting the 

 latter to rebel against him. 



Another circumstance which tends to facilitate the task of 

 the Bukoba Resident is that the European power and the ad- 

 vantage of friendly relations with Europeans is illustrated 

 daily to the natives by means of the steamer traffic on the lake, 

 and by the impetus given to trade and agriculture by the open- 

 ing of the Uganda railway. In Ruanda it will not be pos- 

 sible to reckon upon assistance from any such impressions for 

 some time yet. 



The people hold their " Mami " — which is the official title of 

 the Sultan — in the greatest awe and reverence. It is extremely 

 rare for anyone to venture to thwart his will, for the Sultan is 

 the owner of the land and all the stock, oxen, calves, goats, pigs, 

 etc. The people certainly enjoy the use of them, but the Sultan 

 retains the power of demanding at his pleasure the return of his 

 property from his subjects. 



The population is divided into three classes — the Watussi, 

 the Wahutu, and a pygmy tribe, the Batwa, who dwell chiefly in 

 the bamboo forests of Bugoie, the swamps of Lake Bolero, and 

 on the island of Kwidschwi on Lake Kiwu. 



The primitive inhabitants are the Wahutu, an agricultural 

 Bantu tribe, who, one might say, look after the digging and 

 tilling and agricultural economy of the country in general. They 

 are a medium-sized type of people, whose ungainly figures be- 

 token hard toil, and who patiently bow themselves in abject 

 bondage to the later arrived yet ruling race, the Watussi. 



The immigration of the Watussi is, without doubt, connected 

 with the great tribal movement which brought the Masai race to 

 East Africa. The same arguments which have led observers to 

 believe that the Masai came from the north and from Egypt, or 

 perhaps even from Arabia, may also hold good in the case of 

 the Watussi. As a matter of fact, many features common to 

 both races may be discerned. The Watussi are a tall, well-made 



