156 In the Heart of Africa 



nameless, volcanic cone in October, 1907, being the first Euro- 

 peans to do so, and definitely determined its position carto- 

 graphically, we christened it, in honour of his Highness, the 

 Adolf Friedrich Peak. The cone itself is formed of quite loose 

 eruptive material, innumerable heaps of scoria which had massed 

 themselves over one another. There is no crater perceptible. 

 The point of egress of the lava stream, the eruptive flue, is buried 

 under the mighty masses of ashes and thus remains invisible. 

 The cone, however, is traversed in parts by cracks and rifts 

 which steam vigorously and on the edges of which the 

 scoria are coloured in hues varying from sulphur-yellow to dark 

 red-brown. It is not requisite to be endowed with the delicate 

 sense of smell of a chemist to recognise the gases which issue 

 from the depths. The prickling smell of sulphurous acids, with 

 which in places muriatic acid fumes are mingled, may be detected 

 for miles around. Sulphuretted hydrogen and carbonic acid gas 

 also play a prominent part. 



"A second and smaller volcanic cone of the same type as 

 the Adolf Friedrich was formed in the autumn of 1905, to 

 the east of Namlagira. The natives called it Kana* jnaharage, 

 which means * the master who loves beans.' This was the name 

 given by the natives to Lieutenant Pfeiffer when living, who 

 came to grief whilst elephant-hunting, and whose spirit they 

 believed to have flown into the hill which had suddenly risen up 

 from the level ground to an accompaniment of fire and thunder. 

 Like the Adolf Friedrich, the Kana maharage cone consists 

 mainly of loose volcanic scoria, and differs only from the first- 

 named in that it possesses a visible summit crater, with a diameter 

 of about seventy-five metres at the top. When I visited the 

 Kana maharage in December, 1907, my attention was attracted 

 by a large number of places on the surface of the lava stream, 

 in the near vicinity of the cone, which smoked in parts and were 

 multifariously coloured, chalky-white, brick-red, dark-brown. 

 The impression given was that a person had got hold of an in- 

 exhaustible paint-box and casually daubed the greyish-black 

 * Kana, incorrect Wanjaruanda pronunciation oihana ("master"). 



