278 In the Heart of Africa 



are to follow this narrative. Any final judgment concerning the 

 value of the scientific results attained by the expedition will not 

 be possible yet for a considerable time. 



As regards topography: the so-called "white spot," i.e. the 

 territory north of Mpororo, between the Kagera and the Kaki- 

 tumbe, was thoroughly surveyed in two plane table surveys on 

 a scale of i : 100,000, with an area of 2,700 square kilometres. 

 Further, the volcanic region beginning at the northern point of 

 Lake Kiwu, nearly up to the 30th degree of longitude, was 

 surveyed on a scale of i : 100,000, with an area of 2,500 square 

 kilometres. One hundred and thirty stereographic views were 

 taken of fifty-one theodolite stations, which were computed later 

 by the stereo-comparator, and which have yielded a positive 

 groundwork for the survey of the country. Observations of 

 altitude were taken at three hundred and fifty various points by 

 means of the barometer and the thermomenter. After finishing 

 the plane table surveys, attention was devoted to the road 

 surveys, which were revised and amplified by means of the photo- 

 theodolite and by astronomical observations. This work went 

 on without intermission ; when our topographer fell ill it was 

 still supervised by him from his invalid hammock. Longi- 

 tudinal, latitudinal and time computations were made with the 

 assistance of eight chronometers. Magnetic observations were 

 taken at fourteen stations with deviation, magnometer and 

 standard compass. Two maps covering an area of 8,670 square 

 kilometres have now been completed and are ready for the 

 printer. 



Our geological investigations in the north-western part of 

 German East Africa, especially the geological cartographical 

 survey of the " white spot," went hand in hand with the topo- 

 graphical work. Working conjointly, our geologist and topo- 

 grapher succeeded in making a geological profile chart of Bukoba 

 right through Karagwe and Ruanda to Kissenji on Lake Kiwu. 

 Close attention was given to the contingent possibility of useful 

 minerals being discovered. Search made in this direction led to 

 the finding of veins of iron ore in the quartzites. Further, 



