ACANTHOPTERYGIANS. 131 



NoMEUs, Cuv. 



Tlie Shepherds, which for a long time were placed among the Gobies, 

 are related in many particulars to the Serioles, but their extremely large 

 and broad ventrals, attached to the belly by their internal edge, give them 

 a very peculiar character. 



Nom. mauriUi, Cuv.; the Harder, Marcgr. 153. A species 

 from the American seas ; silvery, with transverse black bands on the 

 back*. 



Temnodon, Cuv. 



The Temnodians have the tail unarmed; the small fin, or free spines 

 before the anal, of the Serioles; the first dorsal is very slight and low, 

 the second and the anal covered with small scales; but their principal 

 character consists in a range of separate, pointed and trenchant teeth in 

 each jaw; behind these, above, is a row of small ones, and the vomer, 

 palatines and tongue are furnished with others, very small and crowded. 

 The operculum terminates in two points, and there are seven rays in the 

 branchiae. 



Tem. saltator, Cuv. The only well known species ; it is about 

 the size of a Mackerel, and one of the small number of fishes com- 

 mon to both oceans -(". 



CaranXj Cuv. 



Scomberoides characterized by a lateral line more or less mailed with 

 scaly plates or bands, carinated and frequently spinous. They have two 

 distinct dorsals, a horizontal spine before the first; the last rays of the 

 second but slightly connected, and sometimes separated into spurious fins ; 

 some spines free, or forming a small fin before the anal. 



Several species inhabit the seas of Europe, resembling the Mackerel in 

 form and flavour, and remarkable for the bands or plates which cover their 

 lateral line, commencing from the shoulder. 



They are confounded under the name of Saurels, Bastard 

 Mackerel, &c. — Scomber trachurus, L.; but they differ in the num- 

 ber of bands J and the more or less sudden curvature of the lateral 

 line. Species very similar to those of Europe are found as far as 

 New Zealand. 

 In some, the plates merely cover the posterior and straight part of the 



* It is the Gobius Gronovii, Gmel., the Gobiomore Groiwrien, Laeep., the Eleotris 

 maurilii, Bh Schn., and the Scomber zonatns, Mitch. Ann. Op. cit. I, iv, 3,— it attains 

 tl'.e size of a Salmon. The other Harder of Marcgr. Braz. 166, appears to be a 

 Mitgil. Harder or Herder (Shepherd), is a name applied by Dutch sailors to various 

 fishes for reasons similar to those which have induced European mariners to call the 

 Naucrates, Pilot-fish, &c. It is even possible that from the resemblance of the 

 black bands, our Nomeus may have been confounded with it. 



t We possess specimens which scarcely difl!er from each other, from Alexandria, 

 the United States, Brazil, Cape of Good Hope, and New Holland. It is the Cliei- 

 hidiptere heptacanihe, Lncep. Ill, xxi, 3, copied from Commerson, and. his Pomatome 

 skib, IV, viii, 3, from Bosc. It is also the Perca saltatrix, L.; Catesb. II, viii, 2, or 

 Spare sauteur, Lacep. Add, Perca anturctica, Carmich., Lin. Trans. XII, xxv? 



X There are from seventy to a hundred of these bands. 

 K 2 



