174 FISHES. 



In others, the dorsal is placed opposite the interval between the ven- 

 trals and the anal. Of this group are found in France, 



J J. erythrophtalmus ; Le Roteiigle ; Bl. 1. (The Rud). Fins 

 red as in the Rutilus; the body thicker and more elevated. 



L. alhurnus; Cyp. alburnus, L. ; LAblette, Bl. 8, f. 4. (The 

 Bleak). Body narrow, silvery, brilliant; fins pale; front straight; 

 the lower jaw somewhat longer; very abundant throughout Europe. 

 It is one of those fishes from which nacre is obtained for the manu- 

 facture of false pearls. 



L. bipunctatus; Cyp. bipunctatus, L. ; Bl. 8, f. 1. (Le Shirlin, 

 or the Seine Smelts). Very similar to the Bleak; two black points 

 on each scale of the lateral line. 



L. phoxinus; Cyp. phoxinus, L. ; Bl. 8, f. 5 ; Le Veron. (The 

 Minnow). Spotted with blackish; the smallest of the French spe- 

 cies. 



L. orphus ; C. orphus; Bl. 95; VOrfe, A fine red-lead red; 

 from the rivers of Germany and Holland*. 

 There are some again, where it is opposite to the commencement of the 

 anal — the CiieljE of Buchanan; in several of these the body is com- 

 pressed almost as in certain Clupffi. Such is 



L. cultratus ; Cyp. cultrahis, Li.; Bl. 37. (The Razor). Also 

 remarkable fjr its lower jaw, which ascends in front of the upper 

 one, for its large falciform pectorals, &c.f 



Species with cirri are found in this group J. We may separate from 

 all other Cyprini, the 



GONORHYNCHUS, GrOHOV., 



Gonorhinques, in which the head and body are elongated, as well as the 

 opercula, and even the membrane of the gills, with small scales; the 

 snout projects before a small mouth, which is without teeth and cirri; 

 there are three rays in the branchiae, and a small dorsal is inserted above 

 the ventrals. 



G. vulgaris ; Cyp. gonorhynchtis, Gm., Gronov. Zooph. pi, x, f. 

 24. The only species known is found at the Cape of Good Hope||. 



XIX, f. S6;—C. sophore, lb. XXXVIII, f. 92;— C. ariza, Id. Trav. in the Mysore, 

 III, xxxi. 



The difficulty of recognizing the figures given by authors of species so similar, is 

 increased from the circumstance, that many species are found in the rivers of Europe 

 which have never been figured. 



* Add, the C. aspius, BL, and of species foreign to Europe; Cyp. hasbora, Buch., 

 Pise. Gang. II, f. 90; — C. mnrar, lb. XXXI, f. 75, and a vast number from the 

 rivers of all parts of the globe, several of which have already been indicated by I\l. 

 Mitchil and Buchanan; some others will be described in our Icthyologj'. M. Bucha- 

 nan aloue found eighty Cyprini in India. We have only cited here the two he has 

 figured. 



f Add, Cjip. cliipeoides, Bl. 408, 2;— f. laMnla, Buch. YIII, 76. 



X Ci/pr. (iaidica. Id. XVI, 88. 



II r>atlly coi)ied, Schn. 78. 



