194 FISHI-S. 



chatel; higher than any of the preceding species, particularly at the 

 nape, and deeply coloured. 



C. sikus, Cuv. ; Ascan., pi. xxx, under the name of Lavaret. 

 (The Sik)(a). From the rivers of Norway; the snout is prominent 

 as in the maraena, but the body is narrower and browner*. 



Argentina, Lin. 



The Argentines have the mouth small and jaws without teeth, as in 

 Thymallus, but the mouth is depressed horizontally ; the tongue is armed, 

 like that of the Trouts, &c., with strong hooked teeth, and there is a 

 transverse range of small ones before the vomer. There are six rays in 

 the branchiae, and the intestines differ but slightly from those of the 

 Trout. 



A. sphynena, L., Cuv. ; Mem. du Mus. I, xi. The only species 

 known is from the Mediterranean ; its natatory bladder is extremely 

 thick, and singularly loaded with that silvery substance (nacre), which 

 is so remarkable in fish; it is employed for colouring pearls. The 

 stomach is remarkable for its black colour f. 



Artedi and several of his successors have united all the Salmonides, 

 which have not more than four or five rays in the branchiae in the sub- 

 genus Characinus; but there is a sufficient difference in their figure, 

 and particularly in their teeth, to warrant a still greater subdivision. They 

 all, however, have the numerous caeca of the preceding Salmons, with the 

 bladder of the Cyprinidae, which is divided by a strangulation. The lin- 

 gual teeth of the Trout are always wanting. We subdivide them as 

 follows : — 



CURIMATA, Cuv., 



Which have the whole external form of Thymallus ; small mouth, the first 

 dorsal above the ventrals, &c. Some of them resemble certain Thymalli in 

 their teeth, which are only visible with the glass, and merely differ from 

 them in the number of their branchial rays;J;. 



• Add Sahio situs, Ascan. XXIV; — Coregonus albtts, Lesueur, Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil. 

 I, p. 35; — Cor. quadrilateralh, Richardson, Franklin's Voy., pi. xxv, f. 2; — Salmo 

 peled. Pall. 



t This fish,'which is most certainly the Argentina of Willoughby, 229, ancT, con- 

 sequently, that of Artedi and Linnaeus, always has a second adipose dorsal, as was 

 observed by Bruniii».h, Icht. mass. 79; it should theref re have been placed among 

 the Siilmons. The Argent, machnata, Forsk., is the Elops saiirus ; this is also, most 

 probablj', the case with the Argent. Carolina of Lin., although Catesby has omitted 

 the dorsal in the fig. cited. Car. II, xxiv. The Argentina of Gronovius is an An- 

 chovy, and that of Pennant a Scopelns, — Serpe of Risso. The Argent, ghssodontar 

 Forsk., is a particular genus, the Butirinus of Comnierson. 



X Salmo eiitnlu'iis, lil. 380; — C. unituaculalus, Bl. 381, 3;^<S. tceniurus, Valen. 

 App. Humb. Zool. Obs. II, p. 16(5; — S. curina, Cuv., Marcgr. 156;— Cw/ »;««/<; Gilbert, 

 Quoy et Gaym. Voy. de Freyc. Zool., pi. xlviii, f. 1; — and probably, S. cyprinotdeSf 

 Gronov., Zooph., No. 378. They are the Pacu, Spix, XXXVIII and'XXXIX. 

 His Anodus, XL and XL I, only differs in the mouth, which is rather more cleft. 



K^ (a) In England we call this fish the Sheik, or fresh-water Herring; it is 

 called Vengis in Scotland, and Pollan in Ireland. — Eng. Ed. 



