280 FISHES. 



The face in fishes is furnished besides with two apparatuses, which 

 are altogether unknown in the preceding classes of animals ; for no 

 one, at least, has affected to find them, except through the medium 

 of analogies, which are exceedingly debateable : the apparatus of 



The two lachrymals or 

 OS unguis. 



Body. 

 The rhinosphal, or 

 ethmoideil lamina. 

 Inferior Ring. 

 The two palatine por- 

 tions of the maxilla- 

 ries. 



The two vomerals or 

 the vomer. 



THIRD VERTEBRAE. 



Superior Ring. 

 The two frontals. » 



The two palpebral, or 

 cartilaginous tarsi. 



Body. 



The Ethmophenal, or 

 body of the ethmoid ; 

 the two adorbital, or 

 obitary portions of the 

 maxillaries. 



Inferior Ring. 

 The two adorbitals or 

 orbitary portions of 

 the Maxillaries. 

 The two palatals or 

 palatines. 



The anterior These bones exist 

 frontals. the crocodiles, in the 



tortoises, &c. on the 

 : of the two lachry 

 mals characterized for 

 such, and cannot be 

 substituted for them 



The transverse 



Parts supposed 

 to be soldered 

 to the vomer. 



The principal 

 frontals. 



These bones are purely 

 hypothetic in fish. 



A cartilage 

 placed behind 

 the ethmoid. 



The first sub- 

 orbitors. 

 The palatines. 



How can the tarsal 

 cartilages, which are 

 entirely detached, con 

 tribute to the superior 

 ring which is closed 

 independently of them? 



Here, again, is an in 

 terarticular cartilage 

 elevated into a bone 



inferior ring are se- 

 perated from the other 

 pieces by the pterygoi- 

 deens. 



This vertebrae is still 

 more disjointed, the 

 palatines and the first 

 suborbitals are sepe- 

 rated from the frontals 

 by the anteriorfrontals; 

 it is impossible to see 

 either superior ring or 

 inferior ring continued. 

 In the system which 

 admits but of three 

 vertebrae, each verte- 

 brae has the advantage 

 of being continued. 



FOtJRTH VERTEBRA, 



Superior Ring. 

 The two pt^ral or great 

 wings of the sphenoid 

 The two ingrassian or 

 orbitary wings of the 

 sphenoid. 



Body. 

 The entosphenal or 

 anterior body of^the 

 sphenoid. 



Thegreatwings 



The orbitary 

 wings. 



The anterior 

 spheaoid. 



This vertebrae is the 

 most disjointed of all 

 for its inferior ring; 

 for neither the poste- 

 rior suborbitors nor 

 the pt^rygoidean have 

 any connexion with the 

 three bones, they are 

 quite wide apart. 



