QUADRUMANA. 4-9 



liave no forehead, and the cranium retreats from the crest of the eye-brow. 

 The name of Chimpanses might be exclusively applied to them. 



S. troglodytes, L. (The Chimpanse)* is covered with black or 

 brown hair. Could any reliance be placed on the accounts of tra- 

 vellers, this animal must be equal or superior to man in stature, but 

 no part of it hitherto seen in Europe indicates this extraordinary 

 size. It inhabits Guinea and Congo, lives in troops, constructs huts 

 of leaves and sticks, arms itself with clubs and stones, and thus re- 

 pulses men and elephants; pursues and abducts, as is said, negro 

 women, &c. Naturalists have generally confounded it with the 

 Ourang-Outang. When domesticated he soon learns to walk, sit, 

 and eat like a man. We now separate the Gibbons from tlie Ou- 

 rangs. 



HiLOBATES, Illig. 



The Gibbons have the long arms of the true Ourangs, and the low fore- 

 head of the Chimpanse, along with the callous buttocks of the Guenons, 

 differing however from the latter in having no tail or cheek-pouch. They 

 all inhabit the most remote parts of India. 



S. lar. L. ; Buff. XIV. 2 ; Onko, Fred. Cuv. pi. 5 and 6, (the 

 Black Gibbon) is covered with coarse black hairs, and has a whitish 

 circle round his face. 



H. acjilis, Fred. Cuv. pi. 3 and 4 ; Petit Gibbon of BufFon, XIV. 3, 

 (the Browi Gibbon) is brown — the circle round the face is of a pale 

 red; the lower part of the back is of the same colour. The young 

 are of a uniform yellowish white — it is very agile, ami lives in pairs 

 — its Malay name, Wouwou, is taken from its cry. 



iS. leucisca, Schreber, pi. 3, B, (the Cinereous Gibbon) is covered 

 with a soft and ash-coloured wool. The visage is black — lives among 

 the reeds, and climbs to the tops of the highest branches of the bam- 

 boos, where it balances itself by its long arms. We might separate 

 from the other Gibbons the Siamang. 



S. syndactila, Raff., Fred. Cuv., pi. 2, (the Siamang) has the 

 second and third toes of the hind foot united by a narrow membrane, 

 the whole length of the first phalanx. It is black — the chin and 

 eyebrows red — lives in numerous troops, which are led by courageous 

 and vigilant chiefs, which, at sunrise and sunset, make the forest 

 ring with the most frightful cries. Their larynx has a membranous 

 sac connected with it. 



All the ensuing monkeys of the eastern continent have the liver divided 



* This is the Quojas moron, or the Satyr of Angola, of Tulpius, who gives a bad 

 figure of it, (Obs. Med., p. 271), and the I'ygmy, much better represented by Tyson, 

 (Anat. of a Pygmy, pi. 1), copied by Schreber, pi. 1, B. Scotin had given a toler- 

 able drawing of it, copied Amaen. Acad. VI. pi. 1, fig. 3, and Schreber, 1, C. An in- 

 dividual that lived with Bufron, and which is still preserved in the ^Museum, is repre- 

 sented, though badly, in tlie Hist. Nat. XIV. 1, where he is called Jocko. The same 

 specimen is much better in Lecat (Traitfe du Mouv. Muscl. pi. 1, fig. 1), under the 

 name Quimpcse. Audebert gives the same, but from the stuffed specimen only — he 

 calls it Pongo. 



vol.. I. E 



