QUADRUMANA. 55 



The genital parts, and the circumference round the anus, are of the 

 same colour. The buttocks are of a beautiful violet. It is difficult 

 to imagine a more hideous or extraordinary animal. He nearly at- 

 tains the size of a man, and is a terror to the negroes of Guinea. 

 Many details of his history have been mixed up with that of the 

 Chimpanse, and consequently with that of the Ourang-Outang. 



fSim. leucophcea, Fred. Cuv. Ann. du Mus. d'Hist. Nat. IX. pi. 37, 

 from a young specimen from India, and Hist, des Mammif. from the 

 adult. (The Drill). Yellowish grey ; face black ; tail very short 

 and thin; in old ones the fur becomes darker, and the chin of a 

 brilliant red. 



The Monkeys oi' the New Continent 



Have four grinders more than the others — thirty-six in all; the tail 

 long ; no cheek-pouches ; buttocks hairy ; no callosities ; nostrils opening 

 on the sides of the nose, and not underneath. All the great Quadrumana 

 of America belong to this division. Their large intestines are less in- 

 flated, and the ccecum longer and more slender than in those of the eastern 

 continent. 



The tails of some of them are prehensile — that is, its extremity can 

 twist round bodies with sufficient force to seize them as with a hand. 

 They are more particularly designated by the name of Sapajous, Cebus, 

 Erxleben*. 



At their head may be placed the Alouattes (Mycetes, Ulig.), which 

 are distinguished by a pyramidal head, the upper jaw of which descends 

 much below the cranium, as the branches of the lower one ascend very 

 high for the purpose of lodging a bony drum, formed by a vesicular in- 

 flation of the hyoid bone, which communicates with the larynx, and gives 

 to their voice an astonishing volume, and a frightful sound. Hence their 

 name of Howling Monkeys. The prehensile portion of the tail is naked 

 beneath. 



There are several species, whose distinguishing characters are not yet 

 well ascertained, for the colour of the fur on which they are established 

 varies with the age and the difference of sexes. 



Simia seniculus, Buff. Supp. VII. 25. (Red Howling Monkey). 

 It is often sent to us from the forests of Guiana, where it lives in 

 troops ; size that of a large fox ; colour, a reddish chesnut, rather 

 deeper at the head and tail. The AUouatte ourson (Stentor ursinus, 

 Geoff.), Humb. Obs. Zool. I. pi. 30, must differ from it very slightly; 

 but it would appear that there are many others, some of which are 

 black or brown, others of a pale colour. In certain species this pale 

 tint is peculiar to the females -f-. 



* Cebus or Cepits, Kyittos, names of an Etliiopian monkey, which, from the de- 

 scription of Lilian, lib. xxvii. c. 8, must have been the Patas. 



t Marcgrave, Braz. 22(5, speaks of a black Guariba, with brown hands, that Spix 

 thought he had found in his Senmdus niger. Mem. de Munic, for 1813, p. 333. 

 Mycetes rufimanus, Kvihl. 



Marcgrave, 227, s])eaks of another species, all black and bearded, fig. p. 228, un- 

 der the wrong name of Exquima, which must have been, it is probable, the Mycetes 



