rACIIYDERMATA. 155 



wards; the muzzle terminates by a sort of truncated button fitted for 

 turning up the earth ; tlie stomach is but slightly divided. 



Hogs, properly so called, have twenty-four or twenty-eight grinders, of 

 which the posterior are oblong with tuberculous crowns, and the anterior 

 more or less compressed, and six incisors in each jaw. 



S. scropha, L. ; Buff. V. xiv. and xviii. The Wild Boar, which 

 is the parent stock of our domestic Hog and its varieties, has pris- 

 matic tusks that curve outwards and slightly upwards ; the body 

 short and thick; straight ears; the hair bristled and black; the 

 young ones called Macassines are striped black and white. It does 

 great injury to fields in the vicinity of forests, by tearing up the 

 ground in search of roots. 



The Domestic Hog varies in size, in the height of its legs, in the 

 direction of its ears, and in colour, being sometimes white, and at 

 others black, red, or varied. Every one is acquainted with the great 

 utility of this animal, from the facility with which it is fed, the agree- 

 able flavour of its flesh, the length of time it can be preserved by 

 means of salt, and finally, from its fecundity, which greatly surpasses 

 that of any other animal of its size, the female frequently producing 

 as many as fourteen at a litter. The period of gestation is four 

 months, and they produce twice a year. The hog continues to in- 

 crease in size for five or six years, begins to be prolific at one, and 

 sometimes lives for twenty. Although naturally savage, the wild 

 boars and hogs are social animals, and know how to defend them- 

 selves against wolves by forming a circle, and shewing a front to the 

 enemy in every direction. Voracious and clamorous, they do not 

 even spare their own young. This species is spread throughout the 

 globe; and none but Jews and Mahometans refuse to eat its flesh. 



S. larvatus, Fr. Cuv. ; S. africanus, Schreb. CCCXXVII; 

 SangUer deMadaxjascar, Daub. MDCCCLXXXV; Samuel Daniels, 

 Afric. Sceneay, pi. xxi. (The Masked Wild Boar.) Tusks like 

 the common Hog; but on each side of the snout, near the tusks, is 

 a large tubercle, nearly similar to the mamma of a woman, supported 

 by a bony prominence, which gives the animal a very singular ap- 

 pearance. It inhabits ]\Iadagascar and the south of Africa. 



S. hahirussa, Buff. Supp. III. xii. (The Babiroussa.) Higher 

 and lighter on the legs than the others ; the tusks are long, slender, 

 and turned vertically upwards ; the upper ones inclining spirally 

 backwards. From some of the islands in the Indian Archipelago. 

 We may separate from the Hogs the 



Phacoch.^rus, Fred. Cuv.* 



The wart-bearing Hogs have the grinders composed of cylinders, ce- 

 mented together by a kind of cortical substance, very similar to the 

 transverse laminae of those of the Elephant, and like them succeeding 

 each other from behind. The cranium is remarkably large ; the rounded 

 tusks, inclined laterally upwards, are of a frightful magnitude; and on 



* Phaco chorus, Hog with a wart. 



