PASSERIN/E. 233 



liooked at the tip. They are also foreign, and their form passes by in- 

 sensible gradations to that of the Fauvets and other Motacillae*. 



In some of these straight-billed Shrikes that organ is very stout, and 

 its lower mandible much inflated-}". 



Others, whose bill is straight and slender, are remarkable for vertical 

 tufts of feathers;|:. 



Around these Shrikes, properly so called, some other subgenera, which 

 differ from them more or less, form natural groups. Such are the 



Vanga, Bvff. 



Which have a large bill, very much compressed throughout, its tip 

 much hooked, and that of the inferior mandible bent upwards)]. 



OcYrTERUs§, Cuv. 



The bill, conical, rounded, without a ridge, slightly arcuated towards 

 the end, with a very fine point slightly notched on each side ; the feet 

 rather short, and the wings as long as the tail, and even longer ; from 

 which circumstance their flight is rendered similar to that of the Swallow; 

 but they have the courage of the Shrikes, and do not fear to attack even 

 the Crow**. 



* Le Blanchot, Vaill. Afr. 285, {Lan. icterus, Cuv.) or Tamnophilus, Vieill. Galer. 

 139. — The Grand battara, Azz., or Tamnophilus inagnus, Pr. Max., or Th. alliventer, 

 Spix, 32. — The tchagra, Vaill. 70, {Lan. senegalensis, Spix, Lan. collurio melanoce- 

 phahis, Gm.) Enl. 479, 1, and 279, 1.— The Fourmilier huppe, Buff. {Turdus cirrha- 

 tus, Gin.) The Pie-gr.a huppe roitsse d'Amerique, {Lan. canadensis, Gm.) Eiil. 479, 2, 

 is the female. — The Tachet, Vaill. 77, (Lan. punctatus, Sh.). — The Pie.-gr. rayee de 

 Cayenne {Lan. doliatus) Enl. 297, 2, or radiatus, Spix, 35, 2. — The Pie-gr. bridee, 

 {Lan. virgatus. Tern.) Col. 256, 1. — The Pie-gr. masquee, {Lan. personatus, Id., or 

 Lan. nubicus, Licht.) Col. 25C, 2. — The Thamnophilus lineatus, Spix, 33. — Th. slrigi- 

 lains, Id. 36, 2.— Th. melaiwceph. Id. 39, \.~Th. leuconoios, lb. 2. 



The Pie-gr. rousse de Madag. {Lan. rufus, Gm.) Enl. 298. 



It is also among these straight- billed Shrikes thatmust be placed the Geai longup. 

 Vaill. 42, {Lan. galericulatus, Cuv.), but it leads to the Vanga. 



I also place here that bird which has been so bandied about by naturalists, the 

 ]\]erle de Mindaiiao of Buff. Enl. 627, Turdus mindanensis. Lath, and Gm. the same 

 as their Gracula saularis, Little Pie of the Indies, or Dial-Bird, Albin. III. 17 and 

 IS, Edw. 181, Vaill. Afr. 109, {Sturntis Solaris, Daud.)— and even the Terat boulan 

 {Tardus orientalis), Enl. 273, II., might be approximated to it, but is also very 

 closely allied to the Turdoides. 



The genus Tamnophilus or Battara of Vieillot is foi-med by one of these 

 straight-billed Shrikes, but is so badly determined that other authors have refenred 

 to it, Vireos, &c. 



f Lanius lineatus. Leach, Zool. Miscell. pi. vi. — Thamnophilus guttaius, Spix, 35. 



X The Geoffroy, Vaill. Afr. 80 and 81, and Vieill. Gal. 142 {Lan. plumatus, Sh.), 

 of which Vieill. has made his genus Prionops, or Bogadais, Galer. 142, and the 

 Manicup. Buff. Enl. 707 {Pipra albifrons, Gm.), which has nothing more in common 

 with the Pipra than a somewhat unusual prolongation of the union between the two 

 external toes. Vieill. has made his genus Pithys, Galer. 129, from it. 



II The Fanga, Enl. 228, {Lan. curvirostris, Gm.) and new species, such as the V. 

 destructeur, Cuv. Col. 273. — The F. strie huppe, Voy. de Freyc. pi. xviii and xix, or 

 Tharnnuphilus Figorsii, Zool. Journ. Supp. VII. and VIII. 



§ Ocypterus or oxypterus — rapid wings, pointed wings — the Creek name of an un- 

 known bird, very applicable to these. It is from my genus that Vieill. has made 

 his genus Artamus. 



** Sonnerat, First Voy. p. 56. 



VOL. I. X 



