PASSERINE. 267 



approaches our dwellings in winter, in numberless flocks, along with 

 the Finches, &c., when the snow covers the ground. 



E. cia, L.; Bruantfou; Enl. 30, 2; Naum. 104, 1, 2. (The 

 Foolish Bunting). Differs from the preceding, in being reddish- 

 grey beneath, and having the sides of the head whitish, surrounded 

 by black lines, forming a triangle. From mountainous districts*. 



E. cirlus,L.; Bruant des haies; Enl. 653; Naum. 102, 3, 4. 

 (The Hedge Bunting). Throat black; sides of the head yellow. 

 Builds in the underwood on the borders of fields f. 



E. schceniclus, L. ; B. de roseaux; Enl. 247, 2; Naum. 105. 

 (The Reed Bunting). A black calotte on the head; spots of the 

 same colour on the breast ; back red. Builds at the foot of a bush 

 on the brink of a stream, &c. % The largest species in France is, 



E. miliaria, l..; LeProyer; Enl. 233; Naum. 101, 1. (The 

 Common Bunting). Brownish-grey, every where spotted with a 

 deeper brown. Builds in grass, among grain, &c. The most cele- 

 brated for the flavour of its flesh is, 



E. Jiortulana, L. ; Enl. 247, 1; Naum. 103. (The Ortolan). 

 The back olive-brown ; throat yellowish ; the inner side of the two 

 external feathers of the tail white. Builds in hedges : is very fat, 

 and common in autumn 1 1 . 



E.melanocephala, Scop.; Naum. 101, 2; Fring. crocea, VieilL, 

 Ois. Tab. 27. (The Black-headed Bunting). Fawn-colour above ; 

 yellow underneath; black head. Is sometimes seen in the south of 

 Europe. Also, 



E. pithyornis, Pall.; Naum. 104, 3. (The Pine Bunting). 



The throat, and a streak on the side of the head, red chesnut colour. 



M. Meyer distinguishes those Buntings which have the nail of the 



thumb elongated, like that of the Lark, by the name of Plectropiianes. 



Such is 



* The Emb. lotJiaringica, Enl. 511, 1, is the same. 



f The Emb. passerina is also referred to it; and perhaps the Emb. provincialis, 

 Enl. 656, 1, and lesbia, lb. 2, are only accidental varieties of the same. See Roiix, 

 p. 176 and 178. 



X M. Wolf thinks that the Evib. chlorocephala, and the Emb. badensis, should be 

 united with it. 



II The Emb. melbensis, Sparm. Mus. Carls., 1, 21, is merely a young Ortolan. 



Notwithstanding all the synonymes we have pointed out, we are still compelled to 

 remove from this genus the Emb. brumalis, which is the same bird as the Fringill. 

 citrinella, Enl. 658, 2; — E. rubra, the same as Fring. erijthrocephala, Enl. 665, 1, 2; 

 — all the widows, as I shall hereafter remark; — E7nb. quadricolor, Enl. 101,2; — Emb. 

 cyanopis, Briss. III. pi. viii, fig. 4; — Emb. cixrulea, Id. lb. xiv, 2, the same as cija- 

 ■nella, Sparm. Carls. II, 42, 43, which are three cross-bills; — Emb. quelea, Enl. 223, 

 \;—Emh. capensis, Enl. 158 and 56i;— Emb. borbonka, Enl. 321, 2;— Emb. hrasiUcn- 

 sis, lb. I, which are four Finches; — Emb. cms, Enl. 158, which is a Linnet; — and, 

 finally, Emb. oryzivora, Enl. 388, which has the bill of a Linnet, independently of the 

 species I have not been able to examine. But we must certainly place in the genus 

 Emberiza, the Emb. gubernator, T., Col. 63, the same as the Emb. cristatella, Vieill. 

 Gal. 67;— Emb. striolata, Ruppel. Av., pi. 10, a;— EtmS. casta, Id. lb. b;— The Ta- 

 nagra cristatella, graminea, ruficollis, Spix, 53, are also Buntings. 



The Emberizoides, Tern., Col. 114, appear to be long and taper-tailed (elagce) 

 buntings, whose bill approaches somewhat to that of the finches. 

 z 2 



