GALLINACE^. 319 



The Colins, Partridges, and Quails of America, 



Have a stouter, shorter, and more convex bill; the tail is somewhat 

 larger*. They perch on bushes, and even on trees, when they are pur- 

 sued. Several of them migrate like the Quails of Europe. 



It is impossible to avoid separating from the whole genus Tetrao the 



Tridactyles, Lacep. — Hemipodius, Tern., 



In which the thumb is wanting, and whose compressed bill forms a little 

 projection under the lower mandible. They cannot, however, be properly 

 classed until their anatomy is better known. They are polygamous, and 

 inhabit sandy districts. Some of them, the 



Turnix, Donnat. — Ortygis, IlUg. 



Have still all the appearance of Quails ; their toes are completely sepa- 

 rated down to the very base, and are without the small membranes. 



The natives of Java preserve one species for fighting, as Cocks in 

 England; it is the Hemip. pugnax, T. Col. 602-{-. Others, such as the 



Syrriiaptes, niig. 



Are so far removed from the general type of the Gallinace^, that we are 

 tempted to doubt the propriety of placing them in this order. Their 

 short tarsi are covered with feathers as well as the toes, which are also 

 very short and united partially in their length ; their wings are extremely 

 long and pointed. 



One species only is known, and that is from the deserts of central 



Asia — Tetrao paradoxus, Pall. Voy., Fr. Trans. 8vo, tom. III. pi. 



1, page 18; Vieill. Galer. pi. 222; the Heteroclite, Tem, Col. 



pi. 95. 

 It is equally necessary to separate from Tetrao, the 



* Among the species, the size of the Partridge, we may remark the Tocro, or 

 Perdrix de la Guiane, Buff. {Tetr. giiyanensis, Gm.), or Perd. dentata, Tem., or Odo7i- 

 tophorus rttfus, Vieill. Galer. pi. ccxi, which is not a Tinamou, as Gmelin asserts. 

 Among those the size of the Quail: Tetrao mexicanus, Enl. 149, Frisch. II, the same 

 as inanjlantHciis, Albin. I, xxviii, and as virginia7ius, or Perdix borealis, Vieill. Galer, 

 2\i\—Tetr. Falklandicus, 'En\.221;—Tctr. crislatus, Enl. llfi, f. 1 ;— the Colin Son- 

 nini {Perd. Sonnini, T.), Col. 75, and Jour, de Phjs. II, 217, and pi. 2;— the Colin a 

 aigrette de Califurnie, Tetr. californius, Sh., Nat. Misc. IX, pi. 345, and Atl. Voy. de 

 la Perouse, pi. xxxvi; — the Perd. rousse-gorge {Perd. cavibeyensis, Tem.), Col. 447; — 

 Perd. ausiraits, Vieill. Gal. 215. 



t Add Tetrao nigricollis, Enl. 171; — Tetr. andalusicus, Lath. Syn. II, part 2, fig. of 

 the title page; — Tetr. luzotiietisis, Sonn. Voy. I, pi. xxiii;— Hemipodius nigrifrons, Tem. 

 Ill, 610, and Vieill. Gal. 2\8\— Hemip. thoracicus, Tem. Ill, 622, or Turni.-c macu- 

 latus, Vieill. Gal. pi. 211 ;— Hemip. Meiffrenii, T. Col. 60, 1, of which Vieill. Gal. 

 300, makes his genus Torticelle, and places it among the Waders, inasmuch as the 

 lower part of the tibia is without feathers; — the Hemip. nivosus, Swains. Zool. Ill, 

 163, must also belong to it;— the Tetr. suscilator, or Reveil-matin of Java is also a 

 Turnix. See Bontius, Med. Ind. p. 65. 



