362 BIRDS. 



thers to one third of its length where tlie nostril is placed, from which a 



groove extends to the point. 



Apt. patagoniea, Gm. ; Le Grand Manchot, Enl. 975. (The 



Great Penguin). Is the size of a goose, slate-coloured above, white 



beneath ; a black mask, surrounded with a lemon-coloured cravatte. 



Found in large troops near the straits of Magellan, and as far as New 



Guinea. The flesh, though black, is eatable. 



Catarrhactes, Briss. 



The Gorfus* have the bill stout, but little compressed, pointed, round- 

 ed on the back, and its point somewhat arcuated; the groove which arises 

 from the nostril terminates obliquely on the inferior third of its edge. 



Apt. chrysocoma, Gm. ; Le Gorfou sauteur,'En\.9M; Vieill. Gal. 

 " 298. (The Jumping Gorfu). As large as a stout duck, black 

 above, white beneath, and has a white or yellow tuft on each side of 

 its occiput. Found in the vicinity of the Falkland Islands and of 

 New Holland, It sometimes leaps out of the water while swimming, 

 and lays its eggs in a hole on the shore f. 



A compressed and straight bill, irregularly furrowed at the base ; end of 

 the upper mandible hooked, that of the lower one truncated ; the nostrils 

 exposed and placed in the middle. 



Apt. demersa, Gm. ; Sphenisque du Cap, Enl. 382 and 1005. 

 Black above, white beneath ; the bill brown with a white band on the 

 middle ; the male has in addition a white eyebrow, black throat and 

 a black line on the breast, which continues along each flank. Found 

 near the Cape, where it breeds among the rocks § . 



FAMILY II. 



LONGIPENNES, or GREAT SAILS. 



Comprises those birds of the high seas, which, by means of their great 

 power of flight, are spread in every part of the world, and are met in every 



*' Gorfu, a corruption of goir fugel, the name of the Great Auk in the Fero 

 Islands. See Clusius, Exot. 367. Catarrhactes is the Greek name of a very different 

 bird, which could fly well, and precipitated itself from a height on its prey. It was 

 most prohably a species of Gull. 



\ Add, Apt. catarrhactes, Edw. 49; — A.papua, Sonncr. Voy. I, pi. 115, and Vieill, 

 Gal. 299;— ^.»«wor, Lath. Syn. Ill, pi. 103. 



X Spheniscus, a. name given by Mcehring to the Oidemia, and by Brisson to the 

 Penguins; from the Greek word Sphen (wedge). 



§ Aptenod. torquata, Sonner. Voy. I, 114, appears to be the female of the Apt. de- 

 mersa. 



