MICRO-ORGANISMS IN VARIOUS DISEASES. 203 



(d) Exit: Sputum; nasal secretions; skin, before 



and during exfoliation; suppurations dur- 

 ing and following the disease. 



(e) Contracted: Contact with the disease, or with 



persons and objects which have been in 

 contact with same; from milk handled by 

 persons sick or convalescent from scarlatina; 

 from individuals with suppurations con- 

 sequent upon an attack, e.g., otitis media 

 (middle-ear disease). 



(f) Disinfection: Virus has unusual vitality; disin- 



fect same as for small-pox or diphtheria. 



(g) Prophylaxis: Quarantine should not be less than 



forty days after the completion of desqua- 

 mation, and it might even be continued 

 longer; air-passages should be treated 

 antiseptically during whole period of 

 quarantine. Discharging ear is infectious, 

 and children with such a discharge have 

 been known to transmit the disease in this 

 way. Sun and air room some weeks 

 after case. Most rigid quarantine and 

 disinfection must be practised to prevent 

 contagion. 



Small-pox (variola). 



(a) Cause: Not known. 



(b) LocaHzation: Skin, conjunctivae, mouth, oesopha- 



