SECRETIONS AND EXCRETIONS. 247 



a few cubic centimeters of urine flow down the sides of 



the tube so that it floats upon the acid. Hold the tube 



straight and to the hght, when if albumin be present a 



white ring will be seen at the junction of the two 



fluids. 



Caution : Filter the urine before applying any test for 



albumin. 



The presence of sugar in urine is deter- 



^ mined by heatino; a few cubic centimeters 

 Sugar Test 



of Hain's solution in a test-tube, and then 



immediately, upon removal from the flame, 

 adding a few drops of the suspected urine. If sugar 

 is present the blue color of the solution will be changed to 

 a canary or reddish yellow. Always boil and filter 

 urines containing albumin before applying the test for 

 sugar. 



Bacteria, and the eggs of animal parasites. 

 Foreign are also at various times eliminated in the 

 Substances, urine. But as this phase of the subject 



is treated in detail in another chapter, 

 reference is made to it here for the sake of completeness 

 only. 



At times, however, other things are voided in the urine 

 which should be spoken of in this place. Reference 

 is made to gravel and stones from the kidneys or blad- 

 der, hair from dermoid cysts, fecal matter (in vesico- 

 rectal fistula), etc. In hysterical subjects and the 

 insane, hairs, beans, fish-bones, etc., may be actually 



