The average value of the tools for husbandry, that is to say, those which 

 the ryot will have to purchase, amounts to Rs. 10, giving an average annual 

 cost (according to the time each lasts) of Rs. 5-11-6. 



29. The wood (babul or chenkar) the ryot almost invariably obtains 

 from the wild trees on the estate by permission of the landlord, or he grows 

 a tree or two near his own field. 



30. It must not, however, be supposed that every ryot has all the tools 

 enumerated in the above list : much work is done by mutual borrowing, and 

 nothing indeed is more common than mutual help in ploughing. Ordinarily, 

 however, a fairly well-to-do ryot will have the majority of the tools ; but only 

 those really well off will have a cart. 



31. The cart, as generally belonging to the cultivator, is a small affair, 

 used for carriage of manure to the fields. The larger carts used for carriage 

 of produce to near or distant markets belong to the well-to-do man who, either 

 on his own account or with prospect of hire from the grain merchant, can afford 

 the heavy outlay necessary. The following is a detailed description, as cor- 

 rect as possible, of this complicated piece of workmanship : * 



n3v of l&tdur or "Rope/ 



=Pffo^c 



TJiharpa; 



1 The names of the different parts vary almost in every pargana, those of the principal 

 parts being most constant. I do not guarantee the correctness of the names I give. 



