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other name than chilling. Experience is doing much to counteract these 

 effects ; the water is more sparingly applied, and I have one instance of a ryot 

 endeavouring to restore the original condition of his laud by allowing it to 



remain fallow. 



" (3.) This complaint is based on entirely false grounds. I 'admit 

 being much misled by it at first. In my earlier village notes I have many 

 li< Stating admissions of strong growth of grass. Subsequent experience, 

 confirmed by admission of more intelligent cultivators, however, has taught 

 that it is solely due to the constant and incessant rain, especially last year, 

 which did not admit even of the hot months killing off the weeds, and they 

 therefore getting head, conquered the plough bullocks, and ultimately led to 

 much land being left fallow in the poorer villages, where cattle were scarce 

 or poor, and money to pay haud-weeders was not forthcoming. 



" (4,) This objection can only be satisfactorily proved or disproved by 

 a long course of experiment. For two years the accuracy of experiments 

 made with the express object of comparing the outturn from well and canal 

 Irrigation has been disturbed by the otherwise opportune rains of the cold 

 season. It is at all times difficult to obtain such specimens as by the removal 

 of inequalities admit of exact comparison, and this year was especially unfor- 

 tunate, as many of the villages which use canal water had taken one watering, 

 when the rain fell, and the excessive moisture thus induced encouraged the 

 rust which in the weaker crops did so much mischief during the long-continued 

 fogs of the early part of January. 



" That this objection loses all its force when properly met is amply 

 proved by the circumstances of the village Mustah. This village, densely po- 

 pulated with Kurmis, is cultivated throughout nearly its entire area like a gar- 

 den. It is watered throughout from canal, and the finest crops are grown all 

 pver it. More than this, its rent-rates, nearly the highest in the pargana, date, 

 according to the unanimous voice of the residents, from the introduction of the 

 canal. They have found, as they have it, at hand the greatest antidote for deteri- 

 orating effects (if any) of canal-water, manure. Wherever manure reaches, 

 the crops are as fine as those irrigated from wells. As, however, the manured 

 area only forms but 28 per cent, of the whole, the question resolves itself into 

 the simple form of manure supply." 



52. Further experience has in no way altered the opinion therein ar- 

 rived at, which I may condense into one assertion, viz., that any injury result- 

 ing from canal irrigation is positively and entirely the fault of the cultivator. 

 He swamps his land, making a very quagmire of it ; he double-crops and takes 

 out all the soil can give with little or no return ; he slops and wastes the water 

 about roads a.nd waste patches ; and if there is " rch" iu the soil he will not 



