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total coat of Rs. 4-2-0. In the intervals of weeding the cotton the family will 

 weed the jwdr. We have now reached the end of August, when the maize 

 wants watching at night. The eldest boy with his father will manage this 

 between them ; in the daytime the younger children can scare the birds, and 

 the housewife bring to the labourers in the field their food. Part of the day 

 will be spent in collecting green food for the cattle, but the all-important work 

 is ploughing for rabi. We have now reached the first week in Kivdr, when they 

 will cut and stack the maize, and when cut, the father will set to work to 

 plough the field for a crop of rabi, whilst the wife and children cut off the 

 heads of the maize, bring them home, and when dry, separate the grain from the 

 cobs with their hands, or beat it out with a club. The stalks being useless for 

 fodder (too hard for the cattle) are thrown away (the bare cobs are often 

 burnt as fuel). Ten days more have passed, and we are in the latter half of 

 Kwdr. The lads will now clean the grass off the rabi fields and the stumps 

 from the maize field ; in this latter employment they will be assisted by four 

 men hired at a cost of six annas. The father is still ploughing steadily. The 

 rains have ended, and Kdtik has arrived ; the man and his wife will set to 

 work and sow their rabi, 5 bighas tyjhra and 1 bigha wheat, in the maize 

 field, taking ten days about it ; the two younger lads will watch the jwdr by 

 day and begin to pick the cotton. When the wife is at liberty from sowing, 

 she too will pick the cotton daily into Aghan. The father and eldest boy will 

 watch the jwdr at night, and by day collect green food for the cattle, gather 

 the til and urd which are sown ; the jwdr and cotton are now ripe. At the 

 close of Aglian the man and two boys, helped by seven hired labourers, will 

 cut the jwdr in a day. 



75. The wheat must be watered four times in the season, the bijhra need 

 be only once, but this will cost the man nothing ; he, his wife, and children will 

 drive the bullocks, empty the bucket, and distribute the water. The first water- 

 ing will take longer than the others, or twelve days, the soil being more thirsty ; 

 the other waterings take but ten days ; at intervals the family will weed (once) 

 both wheat and bijhra, and so the cold weather will pass away in irrigating, 

 weeding, and collecting fodder. When the Holi has passed (the end of Phdgun 

 or middle of March), the bijhra will be cut by the family in ten days, and after 

 this the wheat in five days. It will take them all a month to thresh, winnow, 

 &c., and then they will bring it home. 



