83. In his house the cultivator must have 



Rs. a. p. 



I Karhdi, iron pot, costing ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 



1 Kalchhul, iron spoon ... ... ... ... ... 3 O 



1 Tdw&, iron plate on which the "chapati" is cooked over the " chula" ... ... 8 



1 Batloi, brass cooking vessel about 6 Ibs. in weight ... ... ... 3 o 



3 Lotd, brass drinking vessel ... ... ... ... ... 2 15 



2 Tdthi or tkdli, flat brass dishes ... ... ... ... ... g 2 



1 Kathothi, large wooden dish (deep) for kneading, &c. ... ... , 6 



2 Katheli, small wooden dishes for scraps, &c. The above will last 6 to 10 years ... 2 

 21 Gharas, hdndis, earthen pots ... ... ... ... 



1 Chalnl, sieve ... ..4 ... ... ... 1 



1 Sup, grain -cleaner (of rirki) ... ... ... ... ... o 9 



1 Musal, pestle of heavy wood, such as bab&l, sisam... ... ... ...070 



1 Chakki, stone hand-mill (both stonea included) ... ... ... ... 12 



1 Silwat, stone on which condiments are ground ) 

 1 Lurhwd, stone with which ditto ditto ^ 



1 Tardzu, scales of arhar stalks ... ... ... ... ... o a o 



1 Dholak, drum for amusement ... ... ... ... ... o 4 o 



1 'chdrpdi, bed (string and all) ... ... ... ... ... o 8 



1 Khatola, cot - ... ... ... ... ... 4 O 



84. He will eat maize-flour in September and October, ju-dr from No- 

 vember to March, and from March to September again bijhra. For a family 

 of five 36 maunds grain will be required, costing, say, Rs. 36, to which must be 

 added lib. pulse (ddl) and 2 033. salt per diem, costing altogether Rs. 11-4-0. 

 He will vary his diet with vegetables or richer cakes on festivals, for which 

 another rupee or two must be allowed. 



85. These exemplars are the result of constant enquiry ; every point has 

 been discussed over and over again with cultivators ; I am not even now satis- 

 fied that the minimum cash expenditure has been reached ; I am confident that 

 more use is made of the labour of the wife and younger children than I can 

 get admitted ; but they are approximately true, and show what profit in an 

 ordinary year a cultivator may look for. It is nothing great certainly even then, 

 but it must be often exceeded, or whence does he get the money for masonry 

 wells, for weddings, &c. And it need hardly be stated that the cultivator has 

 not to look for cash; he can eat the grain, cheap or dear, he has himself raised. 

 On the question of his indebtedness I touch in a later paragraph; but I think the 

 foregoing exemplars show that the condition of the cultivator need not be the 

 one of abject misery it is so often represented. It is true his life is one of 

 almost uninterrupted toil from year's end to year's end, but let him alone, and 

 he is happy. He has not as yet the intelligence or education to make him 

 aspire to better things. Can we not all say that where he has, he comes out of 

 the ruck, adds bigha to bigha, rupee to rupee (unfortunately too often by lend- 

 ing to his less thrifty brethren), and dies perhaps the proprietor of a snug little 



