from the Standpoint of Science 13 



somehow.' We refrained, if not completely, 

 yet fairly successfully, from making scape- 

 goats. 



But those who saw beyond the immediate 

 national danger were filled with a more abid- 

 ing sense of risk. They recognised that the 

 struggle for existence among nations will 

 not necessarily be settled in favour of the 

 biggest nation, nor in favour of the best- 

 armed nation, nor in favour of the nation 

 with the greatest material resources. I speak 

 not only of war, but of the more silent, but 

 none the less intense, struggle of peace the 

 struggle for trade, for commercial supremacy, 

 for new sources of food supply, for mineral 

 wealth, and for the raw materials of manu- 

 facture. Size and armament and material 

 prosperity, of course, all tell ; hardihood, 

 bravery, and endurance all tell too, although 

 not so overwhelmingly as in the days of 

 Queen Bess. But none of these alone will 

 suffice. Here are the flesh, blood, and 

 sinews of a nation, but to make it foremost 

 in the struggle, to make it a homogeneous, 

 highly-organized whole, you must have a 

 complex nervous system, the reflex actions 



