88 Appendix II 



Now, the first thing to do in comparing 

 one individual with another is to find a way 

 of measuring their resemblance. At present 

 it is not possible to measure general resem- 

 blance ; Mr. Francis Galton thinks such a 

 method may be possible in the future, and it 

 is to be hoped that he will succeed in time 

 in elaborating one ; meanwhile we must be 

 content to compare single characteristics, such 

 as pigmentation, size and shape of individual 

 organs, or even intellectual characters. 



He would first call the attention of his 

 audience to a table drawn up from imagina- 

 tion, to show what would happen if there 

 were no such thing as inheritance. It is 

 found, say, that among cattle, in every ten 

 about two are parti-coloured, three red, four 

 roan, and one white. Now, if there were no 

 such thing as inheritance each sire would 

 produce offspring of which two in every ten 

 would be parti-coloured, three red, four roan, 

 and one white that is, his offspring would 

 resemble not himself, but the general popu- 

 lation, in pigmentation. Now, it is found 

 actually that no such thing occurs ; parti- 

 coloured sires mated in the actual proportions 

 with the females of the community will pro- 

 duce offspring of whom the majority will be 

 parti-coloured, and so on, and, if it be put 

 in the form of a table in which the offspring 

 of each kind of sire are in a vertical line, we 

 may have results like this : 



